Impact of second line limiting amino acids’ deficiency in broilers fed low protein diets with rapeseed meal and de-oiled rice bran

Abstract

Aim:To study the impact of deficiency of second line limiting amino acids (SLAA; valine, isoleucine and tryptophan) on the production performance and carcass characteristics of commercial broilers.Materials and Methods:A control (T1) corn-soy diet was formulated to contain all essential AA on standardized ileal digestible basis; While in T2-a ‘moderate SLAA deficit’ diet was formulated by replacement of soybean meal with 6% rapeseed meal and T3-a ‘high SLAA deficit’ diet was formulated by replacement of soybean meal with 6% de-oiled rice bran. Each of these treatments was allotted to six replicates of ten chicks each. During the 42 days experimental period, growth performance, carcass parameters and intake of metabolizable energy (ME), crude protein (CP) and AA were studied.Results:The cumulative body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, carcass cut weights and yields of carcass, breast and thighs were decreased (p<0.05) in T3 compared to T1. The absolute intake of ME, lysine, methionine + cysteine and threonine were not affected while intake of CP and all SLAA were reduced in SLAA deficit diets. The relative intake of ME, lysine, methionine + cysteine, threonine and SLAA reduced in T3 in comparison to T1. The relative weights of internal organs were not affected by treatments while the abdominal fat percentage was increased linearly to the magnitude of SLAA deficiency.Conclusion:The deficiency of SLAA decreased performance, carcass yields and impaired utilization of ME, CP and AA linearly to the magnitude of the deficiency.

Performance of Broiler Chickens Fed Low Protein, Limiting Amino Acid Supplemented Diets Formulated Either on Total or Standardized Ileal Digestible Amino Acid Basis

“…The deficiencies of various amino acid viz ., valine (Corzo et al, 2011), valine and isoleucine (Corzo et al, 2009) and valine, isoleucine and tryptophan on DORB based rations (Basavanta Kumar et al, 2015) have been shown to depress feed efficiency similar to present study. The protein factor with a reduction of 1.5% unit protein and supplementation of limiting amino acids resulted in significant depression of FCR at all production phases, while, 0.75% unit protein reduction significantly reduced FCR only during pre-starter phase.…”

“…Among amino acid, methionine is primarily required for initiation of protein synthesis and has been revealed to influence myogenic gene expression in broilers (Wen et al, 2014) and moreover, lysine, methionine, threonine, valine and isoleucine are components of muscle protein and their deficiency invariably reduced the BWG. The growth retardation as a result of deficiency of either individual or various combinations of limiting amino acids lysine, methionine, threonine, valine, isoleucine and tryptophan is well noticed in previous studies (Corzo et al, 2009; Corzo et al, 2011; Basavanta Kumar et. al., 2015).…”

“…Moreover, in none of the studies utilizing DORB (Das and Ghosh, 2000; Khan et al, 2002; Piyaratne et al, 2009), the protein reduction was addressed and most of the studies were conducted with a low total lysine level (<1.10%) to avoid deficiencies of other limiting amino acids, and the used lysine levels in fact were far below the recommended levels for present day fast growing commercial broilers. In this context, our previous study clearly demonstrated significant reduction of broiler performance in 6% DORB based low protein diets due to deficiencies of amino acid valine, isoleucine and tryptophan (Basavanta Kumar et al, 2015). …”

The optimum valine: lysine ratios on performance and carcass traits of male broilers based on different regression approaches

“…Valine is considered the fourth limiting amino acid after Met, Lys, and Thr in vegetable diets when considering live weight gain in birds (Rostagno et al., 2011). When diets are formulated with low protein levels, isoleucine becomes co-limiting with Val, notwithstanding feed supplementation with Lys, Met, and Thr (Corzo et al, 2007; Kumar et al, 2015).…”

Effect of Dietary Supplementation of L-Valine on Growth, Immunocompetence Traits, Carcass Quality and Meat Composition of Turkey Poults

“…Valine is 4 th amino acid in corn and soybean meal-based diets (Baker et al 2002;Corzo et al 2007Corzo et al , 2009Rostagno et al 2011). Valine deficiency in broilers may result in reduced growth performance, carcass quality and immune response (Kumar et al 2015;Nascimento et al 2016;Kaplan and Yildiz, 2017) respectively. Studies have been conducted on dietary supplementation of L-valine in broilers performance (Corzo et al 2007;Azzam et al 2015) but such studies are lacking in turkeys.…”