Impact of perennial pasture and tillage systems on carbon input and soil quality indicators

Ernst, Oswaldo; Siri-Prieto, Guillermo

doi:10.1016/j.still.2009.08.001

Cited by 50 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Cultivated pasture soil had C/N ratios of~11-12, which was in the range normally reported for agricultural soil (Karlen et al 1999;Ernst and Siri-Prieto 2009). The recommended C/N ratio of a healthy SOC turnover rate in well-managed pasture is 10-12 (Miles and Manson 2000).…”

Section: Organic Matter Indicatorsmentioning

confidence: 60%

Biological quality of a podzolic soil after 19 years of irrigated minimum-till kikuyu–ryegrass pasture

Swanepoel¹,

Habig

Preez

et al. 2014

Soil Res.

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Conversion of natural rangeland to minimum-tillage kikuyu (Pennisetum clandestinum) based pastures for dairy production in the southern Cape of South Africa, may be beneficial to soil biological quality. The objective was to evaluate whether 19 years of minimum-till kikuyu-ryegrass pasture had altered the distribution and quality of biological properties formerly developed under natural rangeland. An irrigated minimum-till kikuyu-ryegrass pasture soil was compared to virgin soil with natural rangeland. Soil organic matter, soil organic C, active C, microbial biomass C, total N and enzymatic activities (β-glucosidase, urease and alkaline phosphatase) behaved similarly by having higher values in the surface layers of the cultivated pasture soil than in virgin soil, decreased with depth until they become similar at the 200–300 mm depth. Acid phosphatase activity was similar (P > 0.05) between soils. Vertical distribution of potentially mineralizable N was similar (P > 0.05) at 0–100 mm soil depth, but higher (P ≤ 0.01) in the cultivated pasture soil than in the virgin soil. The microbial indicated along with stratification ratios for different biological indicators that the cultivated pasture soil’s ecosystem functionality improved. Soil microbial functional diversity and carbon source utilisation patterns of the cultivated pasture soil and virgin soil was influenced by plant species present and root exudate composition. The soil microbial diversity, as shown by the Shannon-Weaver and Enrichment Indices, was significantly altered between cultivated pasture and the virgin soil, especially at different soil depths. A general appraisal of biological soil properties indicated that conversion of natural fynbos vegetation to irrigated minimum-till kikuyu-ryegrass pasture after 19 years of cultivation on a podzolic soil beneficial.

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Section: Organic Matter Indicatorsmentioning

confidence: 60%

Biological quality of a podzolic soil after 19 years of irrigated minimum-till kikuyu–ryegrass pasture

Swanepoel¹,

Habig

Preez

et al. 2014

Soil Res.

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“…The pastures are efficient in reclaiming degraded agricultural lands while providing a range of ecosystem services, such as the increase in species diversity (Sanderson et al 2004), the support of complex food webs, and the boost in soil health. The deep and dense root systems of pastures support the soil structure formation and C sequestration to a much larger extent than do those of annuals (Ernst and Siri-Prieto 2009;Kell 2011). In a study in Kansas, in the Midwest USA, Culman et al (2010) studied the impact of perennial grasslands on quality and fertility of the soil up to a 1-m depth.…”

Section: The Potential Impact Of Conservation Farmingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agroforestry and biochar to offset climate change: a review

Stavi

Lal

2012

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

148

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Expansion of agricultural land use has increased emission of greenhouse gases, exacerbating climatic changes. Most agricultural soils have lost a large portion of their antecedent soil organic carbon storage, becoming a source of atmospheric carbon-dioxide. In addition, agricultural soils can also be a major source of nitrous oxide and methane. Adoption of conservation agricultural practices may mitigate some of the adverse impacts of landuse intensification. However, optimal implementation of these practices is not feasible under all physical and biotic conditions. Of a wide range of conservation practices, the most promising options include agroforestry systems and soil application of biochar, which can efficiently sequester large amounts of carbon over the long-run. In addition, these practices also increase agronomic productivity and support a range of ecosystem services. Payments to farmers and land managers for sequestrating carbon and improving ecosystem services is an important strategy for promoting the adoption of such practices, aimed at mitigating climate change while decreasing environmental footprint of agriculture and sustaining food security.

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“…Photosynthates are transferred to the fungus as sucrose or hexose via mycorrhizal intraradical structures (hyphae or arbuscules in the root cortex) and transferred as glycogen or triacylglycerol through the large extraradical hyphae network (Bago et al 2002. Increased infl ow of sucrose, fructose, and glucose leads to active catabolism in arbuscules which in turn activates defenserelated genes (Ernst and Siri-Prieto 2009 ;Vierheilig et al 2001 ). Resistance mechanism depends upon type of pathogen in colonized plants which can be localized (Jalali and Jalali 1991 ) or systemic (Dehne 1982 ;Smith 1987 ).…”

Section: Struggle For Host Photosynthates and Colonization Or Infectimentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant, Soil and Microbes

2016

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Impact of perennial pasture and tillage systems on carbon input and soil quality indicators

Cited by 50 publications

References 39 publications

Biological quality of a podzolic soil after 19 years of irrigated minimum-till kikuyu–ryegrass pasture

Biological quality of a podzolic soil after 19 years of irrigated minimum-till kikuyu–ryegrass pasture

Agroforestry and biochar to offset climate change: a review

Plant, Soil and Microbes

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