Impact of individualized pharmaceutical care on efficacy and safety of opioid-tolerant outpatients with cancer pain: a multicenter randomized controlled trial

Abstract

Background: Managing cancer pain is a growing challenge. Individualized pharmaceutical care is particularly important for opioid-tolerant outpatients due to variation in terms of their knowledge about pain, treatment adherence, and risk of experiencing inadequate analgesia and severe adverse events. This study aimed to determine the influence of individualized pharmaceutical care on outcomes in opioid-tolerant outpatients with cancer pain. Methods:A multicenter, open-label, randomized, controlled study was carried out. Opioid-tolerant outpatients experiencing chronic cancer pain and receiving sustained-release opioids were randomly assigned to the intervention group and the control group with a 1:1 ratio. The intervention group received individualized pharmaceutical care, while the control group received conventional care during 4-week period.

Global research trends and hotspots in pharmaceutical care: a bibliometric analysis and visualisation using CiteSpace and VOSviewer

“…Different levels of graded pharmaceutical care measures are implemented at different stages of the disease,30 which can identify and intervene in drug-related problems in a timely manner in the treatment of COPD and other diseases 31. In addition, it enables correct understanding of the connotation of pharmacy services, forming good values, encouraging innovative strategies such as personalised pharmaceutical care to improve patient satisfaction and improve prognosis 32–34…”

“…31 In addition, it enables correct understanding of the connotation of pharmacy services, forming good values, encouraging innovative strategies such as personalised pharmaceutical care to improve patient satisfaction and improve prognosis. [32][33][34]…”

Association of pharmaceutical care barriers and role ambiguity and role conflict of clinical pharmacists

“…Clinical pharmacists provide pharmaceutical care such as dispensing, training and teaching, checking prescriptions, drug monitoring, making treatment plans, patient education, pharmacy consultation, joining clinical rounds, medication guidance and pharmaceutical monitoring ( Guo et al, 2020 ). A systematic review ( Penm et al, 2014a ) and several empirical researches ( Shao et al, 2017 ; Xie et al, 2020 ; Ding et al, 2022 ) in China reported that pharmaceutical care saved medical costs and positively influenced health outcomes by increasing appropriate use of medication, patient knowledge, quality of life, adherence and reducing patient length of hospitalization. In recent years, the Chinese authorities strongly support the implementation of pharmaceutical care.…”