Impact of improved treatment of sexually transmitted diseases on HIV infection in rural Tanzania: randomised controlled trial

A randomized trial of metronidazole in asymptomatic bacterial vaginosis to prevent the acquisition of sexually transmitted diseases

“…The 6-month rate of STDs was 2.29/person-year (95% CI 1.95, 2.63) in the observational group compared to a 6-month STD rate of 1.58/person-year (95% CI 1.29, 1.87) in the metronidazole group which was significantly lower. A comparison of STD rates for the 6-month period following the end of the intervention (months [7][8][9][10][11][12] found no significant differences between the groups. The overall STD rates for the entire 12-month period was 1.64 (95 % CI 1.20, 2.08) in the observational group and 1.31 (95% CI 0.90, 1.72) in the treatment group.…”

The Dynamics of Substance Use and Sex Networks in HIV Transmission

“…Research conducted with core group populations has helped document the fact that STIs are potent biological cofactors in the sexual transmission of HIV. 34,36,43 However, HIV-preventive interventions targeted at STI control in generalized epidemics 34,44,45 have had dramatically different results, suggesting the need for further specification of the phase of the epidemic to improve understanding of transmission dynamics and the timing of specific interventions. 46 These data suggest that STI control may be only one component of multimethod and multilevel approaches to preventing HIV infection.…”

Sexually transmitted diseases: microbiology and management Proceedings of the Seventh Liverpool Tropical School Bayer Symposium on Microbial Disease held on 6 February 2000

“…With the recent increase in all forms of STDs, the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains and the relentless threat of AIDS it is more important than ever that we not only maintain but strengthen the clinic system for clinical STD services [10]. The presence of most STDs has been shown to increase the relative risk of the acquisition of HIV [2]. Perhaps the most important single public health action to contain HIV spread is to adequately control STDs.…”

“…Controlling STDs, by reinforcement of syndromic management without any other interventions of sophisticated diagnostic techniques, reduced the rate of HIV increase in the celebrated Mwanza trial [2]. Even before this trial had been published, the World Bank estimated that STDs, often easily treated, often incapacitating if untreated and principally affecting the most economically productive section of society -young adults -was the most 'cost-effective' of medical interventions [3].…”