Impact of effluent discharge on recreational beach water quality: a case study of Karachi-Pakistan

Memon, Abdul Ghaffar; Mustafa, Atif; Raheem, Abdu; Ahmad, Jabran; Giwa, Abdulmoseen Segun

doi:10.1007/s11852-021-00824-5

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…High BOD levels can cause microorganisms and bacteria to consume the dissolved oxygen, leading to suffocation of other aquatic species. Furthermore, elevated BOD levels increase the content of pollutants, such as nutrients, pathogens, and algae [ 2 , 3 , 4 ], thereby causing a decline in water quality and disturbing the equilibrium of the ecosystem. Timely monitoring of BOD in real time plays a crucial role in swiftly detecting issues with water quality and implementing suitable actions to tackle them.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Fuel Cell-Based Organic Matter Sensors: Principles, Structures and Applications

2023

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Wastewater contains a significant quantity of organic matter, continuously causing environmental pollution. Timely and accurate detection of organic content in water can facilitate improved wastewater treatment and better protect the environment. Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are increasingly recognized as valuable biological monitoring systems, due to their ability to swiftly detect organic indicators such as biological oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) in water quality. Different types of MFC sensors are used for BOD and COD detection, each with unique features and benefits. This review focuses on different types of MFC sensors used for BOD and COD detection, discussing their benefits and structural optimization, as well as the influencing factors of MFC-based biomonitoring systems. Additionally, the challenges and prospects associated with the development of reliable MFC sensing systems are discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%