Impact of diabetes mellitus on COVID-19 clinical symptoms and mortality: Jakarta’s COVID-19 epidemiological registry

Harbuwono, Dante Saksono; Handayani, Dwi; Wahyuningsih, Endang Sri; Supraptowati, Novita; Ānanda,; Kurniawan, Farid; Wafa, Syahidatul; Kristanti, Melly; Pantoro, Nico I; Sinto, Robert; Kurniawan, Heri; Rebekka,; Tahapary, Dicky L.

doi:10.1016/j.pcd.2021.11.002

Cited by 23 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Therefore, monitoring CRP levels in COVID-19 patients with comorbid DM could be essential to identifying those at increased risk of mortality. 7 , 9 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation Between IL-8, C-Reactive Proteins (CRP) and Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) as Predictor of Mortality in COVID-19 Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Comorbidity

Iskandar¹,

Mayashinta²,

Robert³

et al. 2023

IJGM

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Background COVID-19 is caused by SARS-CoV-2 and has a wide range of symptoms. While Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a common comorbidity in COVID-19 patients, it is the main comorbidity in non-surviving COVID-19 patients. Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is a cytokine that has been correlated with severity and mortality in COVID-19 patients, but its role in COVID-19 patients with DM comorbidity and its relationship with NLR and CRP as markers of inflammation are not yet fully understood. Objective To investigate the correlation between IL-8, NLR, and CRP in COVID-19 patients with DM comorbidity. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Integrated Infectious Disease Installation of Dr. Saiful Anwar Malang Hospital from June to November 2021 using consecutive sampling. IL-8 was measured using the ELISA method with Legendmax ® Human IL-8. NLR was measured using flow cytometry, while CRP was measured using the immunoturbidimetric method with Cobas C6000 ® . Patient outcomes were obtained from medical records. Results A total of 124 research subjects participated in the study. IL-8 and CRP levels were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in COVID-19 patients with DM comorbidity, and were also significantly higher (p < 0.05) in non-surviving COVID-19 patients. Overall, there was a positive correlation between IL-8 and CRP (r = 0.58, p < 0.05). There was also a positive correlation between IL-8 (r = 0.58; p < 0.05), NLR (r = 0.45, p < 0.05), CRP (r = 0.54, p < 0.05) and mortality in COVID-19 patients with DM comorbidity. The presence of DM comorbidity increased IL-8 levels and aggravated inflammation in COVID-19 patients, thereby increasing the risk of mortality. Conclusion IL-8, CRP and NLR levels were higher in non-surviving COVID-19 patients with DM comorbidity, indicating that they could serve as good predictors of poor outcomes in this patient population.

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“…Therefore, monitoring CRP levels in COVID-19 patients with comorbid DM could be essential to identifying those at increased risk of mortality. 7 , 9 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation Between IL-8, C-Reactive Proteins (CRP) and Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) as Predictor of Mortality in COVID-19 Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Comorbidity

Iskandar¹,

Mayashinta²,

Robert³

et al. 2023

IJGM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In this report, 57% of the observed cases had one or more underlying health conditions, with hypertension described as the most common, followed by diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Diabetes has been identified as a risk factor for severe infection and even death [ 43 ]. Although the exact cause of the poor prognosis of diabetic patients is unknown, various factors may play a role.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Second, since ACE inhibitors are used in many diabetic patients, ACE 2 receptor inhibition results in reduced insulin sensitivity and can promote viral entry into host cells. Third, pancreatic cell function can worsen in some COVID-19 individuals when the virus causes damage to the pancreatic islets, resulting in new-onset acute diabetes [ 43 , 44 , 45 ]. Another pre-existing ailment, such as cardiovascular problems, has also been considered a risk factor.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Disease Characteristics and Treatment Trajectories Associated with Mortality among COVID-19 Patients in Punjab, Pakistan

Munir

Khan

2023

Healthcare

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Background: Data on Pakistani COVID-19 patient mortality predictors is limited. It is essential to comprehend the relationship between disease characteristics, medications used, and mortality for better patient outcomes. Methods: The medical records of confirmed cases in the Lahore and Sargodha districts were examined using a two-stage cluster sampling from March 2021 to March 2022. Demographics, signs and symptoms, laboratory findings, and pharmacological medications as mortality indicators were noted and analyzed. Results: A total of 288 deaths occurred out of the 1000 cases. Death rates were higher for males and people over 40. Most of those who were mechanically ventilated perished (OR: 124.2). Dyspnea, fever, and cough were common symptoms, with a significant association amid SpO2 < 95% (OR: 3.2), RR > 20 breaths/min (OR: 2.5), and mortality. Patients with renal (OR: 2.3) or liver failure (OR: 1.5) were at risk. Raised C-reactive protein (OR: 2.9) and D-dimer levels were the indicators of mortality (OR: 1.6). The most prescribed drugs were antibiotics, (77.9%), corticosteroids (54.8%), anticoagulants (34%), tocilizumab (20.3%), and ivermectin (9.2%). Conclusions: Older males having breathing difficulties or signs of organ failure with raised C-reactive protein or D-dimer levels had high mortality. Antivirals, corticosteroids, tocilizumab, and ivermectin had better outcomes; antivirals were associated with lower mortality risk.

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“…The meta-analysis revealed a two to three-fold increase in the severity of COVID-19 infection in diabetic patients [ 16 , 17 , 18 ] and an increase in poor clinical outcomes and mortality [ 13 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ]. Shrestha and colleagues [ 30 ] reported a mortality rate of 9.3% among non-diabetes patients, 24.96% among patients with new-onset diabetes, and 16.03% among patients who are known to be diabetic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Case Management Outcomes Amongst Diabetes and Hypertensive Patients in the United Arab Emirates: A Prospective Study

Alkhemeiri

Zaabi

Lakshmanan

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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The global pandemic of the novel Coronavirus infection 2019 (COVID-19) challenged the care of comorbid patients. The risk imposed by COVID-19 on diabetes patients is multisystemic, exponential, and involves glucose dysregulation. The increased burden for diabetes patients infected with COVID-19 is substantial in countries with a high prevalence of diabetics, such as the United Arab Emirates (UAE). This study aims to explore the prevalence of diabetes, clinical characteristic, and outcomes of patients admitted for COVID-19 treatment with or without a concurrent preadmission diagnosis of diabetes. A prospective study was performed on 1199 adults admitted with confirmed COVID-19 from December 2020 to April 2021 to a single hospital in the UAE. The study compared the demographics, clinical characteristics, and outcomes in COVID-19-infected patients with diabetes to patients without diabetes. The study endpoints include the development of new-onset diabetes, admission to ICU, trends in the blood glucose levels, and death. A total of 1199 patients (390 with diabetes) were included in the study. A diabetes prevalence was detected among 9.8% of the study population. Among the diabetes group, 10.8% were morbidly obese, 65.4% had associated hypertension, and 18.9% had coronary artery disease. Diabetes patients showed higher rates of ICU admission (11.1% vs. 7.1%), NIV requirement (9.6% vs. 6.4%), and intubation (5.45% vs. 2%) compared to the non-diabetes group. Advanced age was a predictor of a worsening COVID-19 course, while diabetes (p < 0.050) and hypertension (p < 0.025) were significant predictors of death from COVID-19. Nearly three-fourths (284 (73.4%)) of the diabetic patients developed worsened hyperglycemia as compared to one-fifth (171 (20.9%)) of the nondiabetic patients. New-onset diabetes was detected in 9.8% of COVID-19 patients. COVID-19 severity is higher in the presence of diabetes and is associated with worsening hyperglycemia and poor clinical outcomes. Preexisting hypertension is a predictor of COVID-19 severity and death.

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Impact of diabetes mellitus on COVID-19 clinical symptoms and mortality: Jakarta’s COVID-19 epidemiological registry

Cited by 23 publications

References 24 publications

Correlation Between IL-8, C-Reactive Proteins (CRP) and Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) as Predictor of Mortality in COVID-19 Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Comorbidity

Correlation Between IL-8, C-Reactive Proteins (CRP) and Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) as Predictor of Mortality in COVID-19 Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Comorbidity

Clinical Disease Characteristics and Treatment Trajectories Associated with Mortality among COVID-19 Patients in Punjab, Pakistan

COVID-19 Case Management Outcomes Amongst Diabetes and Hypertensive Patients in the United Arab Emirates: A Prospective Study

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