Impact of crosstalk in an arrayed-waveguide multiplexer on N×N optical interconnection

Abstract

Abskuct-The impact of crosstalk in an arrayed-waveguide -Y x -Y wavelength multiplexer is investigated precisely in relation to its application to wavelength-routing N x N all optical networks. In such systems multiple crosstalk light which has the same wavelength as the signal results in signal-crosstalk beat noise. We confirm that the noise is Gaussian and obtain the relation between crosstalk and power penalty. It is shown that the crosstalk must be less than -38 dB for a 16 x 16 system to keep the power penalty below 1 dB at a bit error rate of

Impact of Receiver on In-Band Crosstalk-Induced Penalties in Differentially Phase-Modulated Signals

“…However, in this comparison of two modulation formats, the effect of optical receiver configuration was not taken into account. It is well known that the in-band crosstalk-induced penalty of OOK signals can be reduced using an optimized decision threshold at an optical receiver [1]. On the other hand, there is no difference in a system's performance between optimized and fixed threshold conditions for DPSK signals, when a balanced direct-detection receiver is used [9].…”

“…), the power penalty induced by in-band crosstalk can be expressed as [1]. (2) For DPSK and DQPSK signals, Eq.…”

“…In OOK signal transmission systems, the sensitivity penalty induced by in-band crosstalk may be estimated using the following equation: (1) where Q is the Q-factor and R c is the optical power ratio of in-band crosstalk to signal [1]. It is assumed in this equation that receiver noise is dominated by thermal noise in the absence of in-band crosstalk-induced beat noise, and that the decision threshold is fixed to the middle of '1' and '0' levels.…”

“…In-band crosstalk could be one of the main factors limiting the performance of wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) transport networks [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. This crosstalk could be generated, for example, at imperfect optical add-drop multiplexers, or by double Rayleigh backscattering in distributed Raman amplified systems [3][4][5][6][7][8].…”

OSNR Penalty Imposed by Linear In-Band Crosstalk Caused by Interburst Residual Power in Multipoint-To-Point Networks

“…It is mainly caused by nonperfect WDM crossconnects and, since the interferers are at the same wavelength as the transmitted signal, cannot be suppressed by additional filtering [1], [2].…”