Impact of climate change and natural disasters on fungal infections

Seidel, Danila; Wurster, Sebastian; Jenks, Jeffrey D; Sati, Hatim; Gangneux, Jean-Pierre; Egger, Matthias; Alastruey-Izquierdo, Ana; Ford, Nathan P; Chowdhary, Anuradha; Sprute, Rosanne; Cornely, Oliver; Thompson, George R; Hoenigl, Martin; Kontoyiannis, Dimitrios P

doi:10.1016/s2666-5247(24)00039-9

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…The fungal species tested for azole-based fungicide resistance, failed to grow on supplemented media, revealing no antifungal resistance to the tested compounds. The changing climate has boosted the spread and acquisition of fungal diseases, leading to increased dispersion of fungi [ 33 ], forcing a higher use of azole-based fungicides, and triggering the acquired azole resistance and the potential pathogenic fungi for humans as well as the toxigenic potential [ 34 ]. The environmental surveillance regarding antifungal resistance should be, therefore, in place, including in cultural heritage settings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Assessment in A Rare Norwegian Book Collection: A One Health Approach to Cultural Heritage

Sequeira,

Pasnak,

Viegas

et al. 2024

Microorganisms

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Microbial contamination poses a threat to both the preservation of library and archival collections and the health of staff and users. This study investigated the microbial communities and potential health risks associated with the UNESCO-classified Norwegian Sea Trade Archive (NST Archive) collection exhibiting visible microbial colonization and staff health concerns. Dust samples from book surfaces and the storage environment were analysed using culturing methods, qPCR, Next Generation Sequencing, and mycotoxin, cytotoxicity, and azole resistance assays. Penicillium sp., Aspergillus sp., and Cladosporium sp. were the most common fungi identified, with some potentially toxic species like Stachybotrys sp., Toxicladosporium sp., and Aspergillus section Fumigati. Fungal resistance to azoles was not detected. Only one mycotoxin, sterigmatocystin, was found in a heavily contaminated book. Dust extracts from books exhibited moderate to high cytotoxicity on human lung cells, suggesting a potential respiratory risk. The collection had higher contamination levels compared to the storage environment, likely due to improved storage conditions. Even though overall low contamination levels were obtained, these might be underestimated due to the presence of salt (from cod preservation) that could have interfered with the analyses. This study underlines the importance of monitoring microbial communities and implementing proper storage measures to safeguard cultural heritage and staff well-being.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Assessment in A Rare Norwegian Book Collection: A One Health Approach to Cultural Heritage

Sequeira,

Pasnak,

Viegas

et al. 2024

Microorganisms

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“…Seasonal evaluation plays a crucial role in this assessment, particularly given the influence of global warming and human activities, such as intensive agriculture, on microbial ecology [ 41 , 42 ]. In fact, recent studies [ 43 , 44 ] suggest that these factors contribute to the emergence of new fungal species, underscoring the need for comprehensive monitoring strategies. Recognizing the prevalence of research in specific regions and climatic periods is vital for contextualizing findings and understanding their implications for human health.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Filling the Knowledge Gap Regarding Microbial Occupational Exposure Assessment in Waste Water Treatment Plants: A Scoping Review

Riesenberger,

Rodriguez,

Marques

et al. 2024

Microorganisms

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Background: Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are crucial in the scope of European Commission circular economy implementation. However, bioaerosol production may be a hazard for occupational and public health. A scoping review regarding microbial contamination exposure assessment in WWTPs was performed. Methods: This study was performed through PRISMA methodology in PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science. Results: 28 papers were selected for data extraction. The WWTPs’ most common sampled sites are the aeration tank (42.86%), sludge dewatering basin (21.43%) and grit chamber. Air sampling is the preferred sampling technique and culture-based methods were the most frequently employed assays. Staphylococcus sp. (21.43%), Bacillus sp. (7.14%), Clostridium sp. (3.57%), Escherichia sp. (7.14%) and Legionella sp. (3.57%) were the most isolated bacteria and Aspergillus sp. (17.86%), Cladosporium sp. (10.71%) and Alternaria sp. (10.71%) dominated the fungal presence. Conclusions: This study allowed the identification of the following needs: (a) common protocol from the field (sampling campaign) to the lab (assays to employ); (b) standardized contextual information to be retrieved allowing a proper risk control and management; (c) the selection of the most suitable microbial targets to serve as indicators of harmful microbial exposure. Filling these gaps with further studies will help to provide robust science to policy makers and stakeholders.

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“…[ 17 ] This is thought to be caused by advances in diagnostics, allowing further differentiation and detection of previously unknown pathogens as well as broad usage of antifungals. Finally, the concern of climate change resulting in the emergence of new fungal pathogens that are adapting to human temperature, like Candida auris [ 1 , 21 ] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring European Consensus About the Remaining Treatment Challenges and Subsequent Opportunities to Improve the Management of Invasive Fungal Infection (IFI) in the Intensive Care Unit

Hoenigl,

Enoch,

Wichmann

et al. 2024

Mycopathologia

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Background The global prevalence of invasive fungal infections (IFI) is increasing, particularly within Intensive Care Units (ICU), where Candida spp. and Aspergillus spp. represent the most important pathogens. Diagnosis and management of IFIs becomes progressively challenging, with increasing antifungal resistance and the emergence of rare fungal species. Through a consensus survey focused on assessing current views on how IFI should be managed, the aim of this project was to identify challenges around diagnosing and managing IFIs in the ICU. The current status in different countries and perceived challenges to date amongst a multidisciplinary cohort of healthcare professionals involved in the care of IFI in the ICU was assessed. Methods Using a modified Delphi approach, an expert panel developed 44 Likert-scale statements across 6 key domains concerning patient screening and minimal standards for diagnosis of IFIs in ICU; initiation and termination of antifungal treatments and how to minimise their side effects and insights for future research on this topic. These were used to develop an online survey which was distributed on a convenience sampling basis utilising the subscriber list held by an independent provider (M3 Global). This survey was distributed to intensivists, infectious disease specialists, microbiologists and antimicrobial/ICU pharmacists within the UK, Germany, Spain, France and Italy. The threshold for consensus was set at 75%. Results A total of 335 responses were received during the five-month collection period. From these, 29/44 (66%) statements attained very high agreement (90%), 11/44 (25%) high agreement (< 90% and ≥ 75%), and 4/44 (9%) did not meet threshold for consensus (< 75%). Conclusion The results outline the need for physicians to be aware of the local incidence of IFI and the associated rate of azole resistance in their ICUs. Where high clinical suspicion exists, treatment should start immediately and prior to receiving the results from any diagnostic test. Beta-D-glucan testing should be available to all ICU centres, with results available within 48 h to inform the cessation of empirical antifungal therapy. These consensus statements and proposed measures may guide future areas for further research to optimise the management of IFIs in the ICU.

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Impact of climate change and natural disasters on fungal infections

Cited by 10 publications

References 77 publications

Microbial Assessment in A Rare Norwegian Book Collection: A One Health Approach to Cultural Heritage

Microbial Assessment in A Rare Norwegian Book Collection: A One Health Approach to Cultural Heritage

Filling the Knowledge Gap Regarding Microbial Occupational Exposure Assessment in Waste Water Treatment Plants: A Scoping Review

Exploring European Consensus About the Remaining Treatment Challenges and Subsequent Opportunities to Improve the Management of Invasive Fungal Infection (IFI) in the Intensive Care Unit

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