Impact of Appointment-Based Medication Synchronization on Proportion of Days Covered for Chronic Medications

Dao, Nancy; Lee, Sun; Hata, Micah; Sarino, Lord

doi:10.3390/pharmacy6020044

Cited by 17 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Even with limited software utilization, community pharmacies still offered a variety of PCS and adherence tools and patient communication strategies. [21][22][23][24][25][26] Community pharmacies are seeking available technology and resources such as access to electronic health records for the ability to document PCS. 5 In a qualitative study, Daly et al interviewed community pharmacists to inquire how technology is a driving force behind the efficiency and effectiveness of PCS delivery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacists' perceptions on patient care services and social determinants of health within independent community pharmacies in an enhanced services network

Daly

Costello²,

Mak

et al. 2021

J Am Coll Clin Pharm

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BackgroundHealth care is transitioning from fee‐for‐service towards value‐based care. Community pharmacies are providing an increasing number of patient care services (PCS) that improve medication adherence, medication knowledge, and overall patient health. The provision of these services may differ based on the socioeconomic characteristics of the patient population. There is a lack of information on PCS delivery in independent community pharmacies and how these services are provided to underserved populations.ObjectivesThe objectives of this study were to: (a) Evaluate the current level of commitment and readiness of independent community pharmacies in delivering PCS, and (b) Assess community pharmacists' perceptions of addressing social barriers and health disparities among underserved populations.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional electronic survey distributed to independent community pharmacies who were members of a pharmacy advocacy or PCS organization in New York State.ResultsOne‐hundred and twenty‐five surveys were distributed, with 65 responses (52% response rate) from a high proportion of pharmacy owners (75%). A majority of pharmacies (53%) devoted more than 10 hours per week to PCS, such as immunizations and home delivery. Many pharmacies (47.7%) were willing to devote more than 20 hours per week to PCS with proper reimbursement and were willing to hire additional staff to support these services. Most pharmacies did not use their pharmacy software to target patients for PCS, instead enrolling via staff recommendation or self‐referral. Many pharmacies (48%) reported that greater than 30% of their patient population experienced social‐related barriers including low income and transportation issues. Pharmacies addressed social barriers by offering tailored services towards patient needs.ConclusionsIndependent community pharmacies remain diligent and actively involved in delivering PCS. Many pharmacy patients experience social‐related barriers towards care, and pharmacies are responding by offering tailored services. Further research is needed on the implementation and economic sustainability of PCS in community pharmacy settings.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacists' perceptions on patient care services and social determinants of health within independent community pharmacies in an enhanced services network

Daly

Costello²,

Mak

et al. 2021

J Am Coll Clin Pharm

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“…However very few contracts are linked to positive revenue surrounding PDC [ 44 ]. It is important to recognize the perceived value of delivering PCS: increased medication adherence, clinical effectiveness of medications, accessibility (e.g., immunizations, delivery), and patient education (e.g., counseling, wellness programs) [ 45 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community Pharmacists’ Perceptions of Patient Care Services within an Enhanced Service Network

et al. 2020

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Background: Pharmacists are positioned as an accessible source of patient care services (PCS). Despite the adversity community pharmacies continue to face, the expanding opportunity of offering PCS continues to be a pathway forward. Objective: To identify community pharmacists’ perceptions to deliver PCS within an enhanced service network. Methods: One-on-one semi-structured phone interviews were conducted as part of a mixed-methods approach. Interview transcripts were analyzed using a consensus codebook to draft thematic findings. Participants were recruited from an electronic survey targeting community pharmacists from the New York chapters of the Community Pharmacy Enhanced Services Network (CPESN). Results: Twelve pharmacists were interviewed with four main themes identified. The majority of study participants were pharmacy owners (92%) devoting an average of 15 h/week to PCS and 8 h/week addressing social barriers. The main themes identified include: (1) perceptions of pharmacy profession, (2) reimbursement models and sustainability of PCS, (3) provision of patient care services, and (4) how PCS address social determinants of health. Conclusions: Offering PCS opportunities for patients is a direction many community pharmacists have embraced and are working to succeed. Ongoing research is needed focusing on community pharmacists’ self-perceptions of the clinical impact and role they hold in an evolving healthcare system.

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“…Community pharmacy has a long history of commitment to establishing quality improvement initiatives focused on improving patient adherence. 2,[19][20][21] Community pharmacies have moved beyond the dispensing model, successfully implementing adherence measures using appointment-based medication synchronization, 2 automatic prescription refill programs, 20 and disease state management programs 21,22 focused on adherence. Overall, medication adherence programs not only have a positive impact on patient outcomes but also a positive financial influence in which the community pharmacy reimbursement is augmented by quality and dispensing payment metrics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nonadherence to medications is a clinical and health-care industry concern, with nonadherence associated with adverse outcomes and higher costs of care. 1,2 It is estimated that 3 out of 4 Americans do not take their medications as directed. 3 Nonadherence to a medication regimen, whether in terms of timing, dosage, or frequency, can interfere with treatment efficacy, increase complication rates, and reduce quality of life.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Community Pharmacist Interventions With Managed Care to Improve Medication Adherence

Daly

Verrall

Jacobs

2019

Journal of Pharmacy Practice

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Background: Nonadherence to medications is a concern due to adverse outcomes and higher costs of care. The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services has made adherence a key measurement for Star ratings. Objective: To evaluate the impact of a collaborative pilot program between a third-party payer, local pharmacy organization, and academic institution focusing on improving medication adherence with community pharmacies. Methods: Twenty-five community pharmacies implemented adherence-based interventions in patients ≥65 years old, who were Medicare Advantage Plan members, taking targeted medications (statins, oral diabetic medications, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors [ACE-Is] and angiotensin receptor blockers [ARBs]). Outcome measures were (1) pharmacy intervention completion rate, (2) type of adherence interventions, (3) change in the proportion of days covered (PDC) following pharmacist intervention based on adherence group, and (4) nonadherence barriers. Results: A total of 1263 interventions met the eligibility criteria, and common interventions included explaining the benefit of the medication (n = 453, 35.9%) and provider follow-up (n = 109, 8.6%). Among nonadherent subjects who became adherent, the mean PDC increased by 14% (74%-88%, P < .0001), with a 12% decrease in mean PDC score in the nonadherent who remained nonadherent group (71%-58%, P < .0001). Common patient barriers for nonadherence were forgetfulness (n = 451, 35.7%) and denial (n = 84, 6.7%). System and therapeutic barriers included complexity (n = 155, 12.3%) and adverse side effects (n = 42, 3.3%). Conclusion: This collaborative effort successfully implemented a community pharmacist-led adherence intervention in 25 independent pharmacies. Our findings highlight increased interactions with patients and in some cases improved adherence measures. Future research must include implementation outcomes in order to effectively implement these interventions in the community pharmacy setting.

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Impact of Appointment-Based Medication Synchronization on Proportion of Days Covered for Chronic Medications

Cited by 17 publications

References 10 publications

Pharmacists' perceptions on patient care services and social determinants of health within independent community pharmacies in an enhanced services network

Pharmacists' perceptions on patient care services and social determinants of health within independent community pharmacies in an enhanced services network

Community Pharmacists’ Perceptions of Patient Care Services within an Enhanced Service Network

Impact of Community Pharmacist Interventions With Managed Care to Improve Medication Adherence

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