Impact of a program for the prevention of traffic accidents in a Southern Brazilian city: a model for implementation in a developing country

Salvarani, Cármine Porcelli; Colli, Benedicto Oscar; Júnior, Carlos Gilberto Carlotti

doi:10.1016/j.surneu.2007.10.008

Cited by 31 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…He affirms that very often when patients consider neurosurgical techniques they have already been preconditioned by overly optimistic portrayals of novel brain interventions, and this compromises informed consent. This is similar to what Bell et al (2009) report in their study of healthcare provider perspectives.…”

Section: Overly Optimistic Media Portrayal and Neglect Of Ethicssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Bell et al (2009), in an insightful study using healthcare providers, report that enthusiastic media portrayals of DBS influence patients’ hopes and expectations. They concluded that healthcare providers view media portrayals of DBS as “playing a key role in establishing expectations for DBS patients and for the public in general.” Media portrayals of DBS can lead to a false assumption that ethical issues have been discussed which affects patients’ expectations.…”

Section: Overly Optimistic Media Portrayal and Neglect Of Ethicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The current experimental expansion of deep brain stimulation (DBS) applications, from the control of motor disorders to psychiatric conditions (Bell et al, 2009; Clausen, 2010; Schlaepfer and Fins, 2010) raises the legitimate worry that DBS treatments might also gain popularity in the media before a full evaluation of issues related to ethics and effectiveness is undertaken. This worry can, in part, be motivated by three factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Deep Brain Stimulation in the Media: Over-Optimistic Portrayals Call for a New Strategy Involving Journalists and Scientists in Ethical Debates

Gilbert¹,

Ovadia²

2011

Front. Integr. Neurosci.

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Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is optimistically portrayed in contemporary media. This already happened with psychosurgery during the first half of the twentieth century. The tendency of popular media to hype the benefits of DBS therapies, without equally highlighting risks, fosters public expectations also due to the lack of ethical analysis in the scientific literature. Media are not expected (and often not prepared) to raise the ethical issues which remain unaddressed by the scientific community. To obtain a more objective portrayal of DBS in the media, a deeper collaboration between the science community and journalists, and particularly specialized ones, must be promoted. Access to databases and articles, directly or through science media centers, has also been proven effective in increasing the quality of reporting. This article has three main objectives. Firstly, to explore the past media coverage of leukotomy, and to examine its widespread acceptance and the neglect of ethical issues in its depiction. Secondly, to describe how current enthusiastic coverage of DBS causes excessive optimism and neglect of ethical issues in patients. Thirdly, to discuss communication models and strategies to enhance media and science responsibility.

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Section: Overly Optimistic Media Portrayal and Neglect Of Ethicssupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Overly Optimistic Media Portrayal and Neglect Of Ethicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Deep Brain Stimulation in the Media: Over-Optimistic Portrayals Call for a New Strategy Involving Journalists and Scientists in Ethical Debates

Gilbert¹,

Ovadia²

2011

Front. Integr. Neurosci.

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“…At a time when multiple road safety intervention projects have been launched throughout the country and at the outset of the Decade of Action for Road Safety, it is important to understand the epidemiology of road traffic deaths in all road user categories in order for more specific targeting of intervention programs (Maffei de Andrade et al 2008;Salvarani et al 2009). This article utilizes the Brazilian Ministry of Health's mortality database to explore in detail the epidemiology of road traffic deaths in Brazil disaggregated by vulnerable road user categories.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Road Traffic Deaths in Brazil: Rising Trends in Pedestrian and Motorcycle Occupant Deaths

Chandran

Sousa

Guo

et al. 2012

Traffic Injury Prevention

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“…According to [78,88], one of the most important intervention methods is educational action, which should be directed at the entire population and especially at adolescents and young adults, which are at higher risk for involvement in traffic accidents. The behaviors of users (drivers and passengers of motorized and non-motorized vehicles and pedestrians) can interfere with the number and severity of traffic accidents, particularly speeding, poor driving skills and education, lack of familiarity with non-motorized transportation modes, lacking the use of safety equipment (seat belt, motorcycle helmet, etc.)…”

Section: Final Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Black Spot Zones for Vulnerable Road Users in São Paulo (Brazil) and Rome (Italy)

Machado

Giannotti

Neto

et al. 2015

IJGI

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Non-motorized transportation modes, especially cycling and walking, offer numerous benefits, including improvements in the livability of cities, healthy physical activity, efficient urban transportation systems, less traffic congestion, less noise pollution, clean air, less impact on climate change and decreases in the incidence of diseases related to vehicular emissions. Considering the substantial number of short-distance trips, the time consumed in traffic jams, the higher costs for parking vehicles and restrictions in central business districts, many commuters have found that non-motorized modes of transportation serve as viable and economical transport alternatives. Thus, local governments should encourage and stimulate non-motorized modes of transportation. In return, governments must provide safe conditions for these forms of transportation, and motorized vehicle users must respect and coexist with pedestrians and cyclists, which are the most vulnerable users of the transportation system. Although current trends in sustainable transport aim to encourage and stimulate non-motorized modes of transportation that are socially more efficient than motorized transportation, few to no safety policies have been implemented regarding vulnerable road users (VRU), mainly in large urban centers. Due to the spatial nature of the data used in transport-related studies,859 geospatial technologies provide a powerful analytical method for studying VRU safety frameworks through the use of spatial analysis. In this article, spatial analysis is used to determine the locations of regions that are characterized by a concentration of traffic accidents (black zones) involving VRU (injuries and casualties) in São Paulo, Brazil (developing country), and Rome, Italy (developed country). The black zones are investigated to obtain spatial patterns that can cause multiple accidents. A method based on kernel density estimation (KDE) is used to compare the two cities and show economic, social, cultural, demographic and geographic differences and/or similarities and how these factors are linked to the locations of VRU traffic accidents. Multivariate regression analyses (ordinary least squares (OLS) models and spatial regression models) are performed to investigate spatial correlations, to understand the dynamics of VRU road accidents in São Paulo and Rome and to detect factors (variables) that contribute to the occurrences of these events, such as the presence of trip generator hubs (TGH), the number of generated urban trips and demographic data. The adopted methodology presents satisfactory results for identifying and delimiting black spots and establishing a link between VRU traffic accident rates and TGH (hospitals, universities and retail shopping centers) and demographic and transport-related data.

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Impact of a program for the prevention of traffic accidents in a Southern Brazilian city: a model for implementation in a developing country

Cited by 31 publications

References 38 publications

Deep Brain Stimulation in the Media: Over-Optimistic Portrayals Call for a New Strategy Involving Journalists and Scientists in Ethical Debates

Deep Brain Stimulation in the Media: Over-Optimistic Portrayals Call for a New Strategy Involving Journalists and Scientists in Ethical Debates

Road Traffic Deaths in Brazil: Rising Trends in Pedestrian and Motorcycle Occupant Deaths

Characterization of Black Spot Zones for Vulnerable Road Users in São Paulo (Brazil) and Rome (Italy)

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