Immunomodulatory action of intravenous immunoglobulin

Patient Data, Early SARS Epidemic, Taiwan

“…The levels of cytokines, CRP, and ferritin returned to normal after the patient showed clinical improvement with adequate immunosuppressive treatment. Nevertheless, the immunopathologic changes of cytokines need further investigation because of concurrent bacterial coinfections and the simultaneous use of immunomodulatory agents in our patients (12,13).…”

Antibody-Mediated Immunomodulation: a Strategy To Improve Host Responses against Microbial Antigens

“…There is increasing recognition that exogenously administered antibody may exert a therapeutic effect by redirecting the host response rather than by playing a purely passive role (16,18,26,45,53,55,56,84,90,93,100,114,129). Both polyclonal and monoclonal reagents, administered either alone or in combination with antigen, have been used to up-regulate beneficial or protective immune responses against infectious agents and malignant tumors as well as to down-regulate deleterious responses associated with inflammation, autoimmunity, and hypersensitivity (8,55,57,58,84,102,110). In light of a growing body of literature, the practicality of employing preformed antibody to manipulate an immune response toward a desired end is becoming more apparent and will broaden the strategies for active and passive immunization approaches against infectious disease.…”

Redirecting the Humoral Immune Response againstStreptococcus mutansAntigen P1 with Monoclonal Antibodies

“…It is becoming increasingly evident that some past assessments of antibody-mediated immunity against pathogenic microorganisms may have been overly simplistic and that protection by certain antibodies may in fact result from indirect mechanisms (65,71,81). A delicate balance of antibodies can modulate inflammatory responses and alter outcome, with seemingly subtle changes in antibody specificity and/or concentration of given antibody isotypes significantly influencing the host-pathogen interaction (50).…”