Immunological status and histopathological appraisal of farmed Oreochromis niloticus exposed to parasitic infections and heavy metal toxicity

Younis, Nehal A.; Laban, Samah E.; Al-Mokaddem, Asmaa K.; Attia, Marwa M.

doi:10.1007/s10499-020-00589-y

Cited by 32 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…β-actin was used as a reference gene and for sample normalization. The gene expression included in this study was tested on a separate pool of cDNA, generated from five uninfected dogs previously examined for the presence of any parasites [ 20 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence, genetic, and biochemical evaluation of immune response of police dogs infected with Babesia vogeli

et al. 2021

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Background and Aim: Babesia species are tick-borne protozoan parasites of apicomplexan type which infect the erythrocytes of dogs it ranges from subclinical to severe cases, depending on different factors such as immune status, age, and presence of other co-infections with the Babesia species. Hence, this study aimed to identify the protozoan parasites infecting police dogs of different breeds, ages, and both sexes in Egypt. Concerning molecular detection of Babesia vogeli using conventional polymerase chain reaction sequencing and phylogenetic analysis, followed by the assessment of immunological and biochemical status of infected dogs. Materials and Methods: The blood of 242 police K9 dogs was collected. The age, breed, sex, and health status with clinical signs of dogs were recorded. Hematological, biochemical, and oxidative stress analyses of the blood were performed together with gene expression analysis using two genes (gamma interferon [IFN-γ] and tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF- α]). The identification of the causative agent was performed using molecular analysis of the 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA). The 18S rRNA region of canine Babesia spp. was successfully amplified, and sequencing data were deposited in GenBank (accession number: MT565474.1), which resembled those of B. vogeli. Results: The results of blood samples screening revealed that of the 242 blood samples, 62 were positive for B. vogeli infection. The infection rate in male dogs was higher than that in female dogs. The police dogs were classified into the following three groups of dogs: (1st group) healthy, (2nd infected with B. vogeli, and mixed infection of B. vogeli and Ehrlichia canis). The oxidative stress biomarkers levels in B. vogeli infected dogs were greater than that of healthy dogs. Likewise, IFN-γ and TNF-α level in B. vogeli infected dogs were elevated in infected dogs. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrated that B. vogeli had completely adverse effects on the health condition of the police dogs that may lead to death in some dogs.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence, genetic, and biochemical evaluation of immune response of police dogs infected with Babesia vogeli

et al. 2021

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“…A 10 μl SYBR ® Premix Ex Taq™ (Tli RNase H Plus), ROX plus (TaKaRa; 1 μl of synthesized cDNA, 0.5 μl of forward and reverse primer (100 nM) were mixed in a reaction), complete the final volume to 20 μl with ultra‐pure water. The adjusted cycling conditions were followed as Younis et al (2020). The ∆ CT value was calculated as recorded in Attia et al (2020).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphomolecular identification of two trichodinid coinfections ( Ciliophora : Trichodinidae ) and their immunological impacts on farmed Nile Tilapia

Attia

Elgendy

Prince

et al. 2021

Aquaculture Research

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Trichodiniasis is one of the most serious ectoparasitic diseases disturbing tilapia aquaculture worldwide, causing deleterious effects and significant economic losses. This study aimed to characterize two Trichodina species concomitantly infecting farmed Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus based on integrated morphological, molecular, and immunological approaches. One hundred and eighty of 250 examined Nile tilapia were found to be infected with trichodinids belonging to the family Trichodinidae, with an overall prevalence rate of 72%. The morphological characterization of trichodinids fixed on Giemsa‐stained smears revealed that fish were concomitantly infected with Trichodina heterodentata and T. centrostrigeata. Subsequently, the phylogenetic analysis of the 18S rRNA gene of the two investigated trichodinids confirmed the detected species’ identities. The gene expression levels of MHCIIβ and CD4 gens were increased during the trichodinid infection. Furthermore, potassium permanganate and hydrogen peroxide chemicals, which have well‐known records for treating ectoparasites infections in farmed fish, were successfully verified to control trichodiniasis in a small‐scale trial.

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“…We added 10 μl SYBR ® Premix Ex Taq™, ROX plus (TaKaRa, Japan), 1 μl synthesized cDNA, 0.5 μl forward and reverse primer (100 nM), to a tube and made up to a final volume of 20 μl with ultra-pure water. Then, a qPCR method was used to processes samples follow the cycling conditions and quantitative method of Younis et al, (2020) and Attia et al, (2020).…”

Section: Tnfα and Il-1β Expression Analysis Using Qrt-pcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ergasilus extensusand bacterial co‐infection in flathead grey mullet,Mugil cephalus(Linnaeus, 1758), are associated with pathological changes and immunological gene expression alterations

et al. 2021

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In the last decade, Mugil cephalus (grey mullet) related to the family Mugilidae, has become a substantial aquaculture commodity and is of high economic importance in Egypt (Soyinka, 2008). Thus, knowledge of hazardous parasites and bacterial diseases that alter fish health and reproduction is essential.Copepods are essential ectoparasitic crustaceans and highly numerous in both fresh and marine water communities. These parasitic organisms cause lesions that negatively affect fisheries and aquaculture economies (Alaş et al., 2015).Ergasilus spp. (Nordmann, 1832; gill lice; Copepoda: Poecilostomatoida: Ergasilidae) is the family's largest genus Ergasilidae. The Ergasilidae families are ectoparasites of teleosts that inhabit freshwater, brackish and coastal marine waters (Motta et al., 1995). Copepoda parasites cause severe mortality in some cultured marine fish (Lin & Ho, 1998) where parasitic adult females firmly attach via the second antenna to gill arches or lamellae, causing severe damage to localized gill epithelium (Kilian & Avenant-Oldewage, 2013). All other stages as immature stages and the adult males are planktonic feedings captured during plankton surveys. The Ergasilidae family can be detected in different fish host tissues, such as the skin, oral cavity, gill cavity, nostrils and fin (Thatcher, 1991;Varella & Malta, 1995). In some cases, ectoparasites may act as vectors for bacterial delivery to fish, creating a synergistic co-infection mechanism between parasites and bacteria (Kotob et al.,

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Immunological status and histopathological appraisal of farmed Oreochromis niloticus exposed to parasitic infections and heavy metal toxicity

Cited by 32 publications

References 41 publications

Prevalence, genetic, and biochemical evaluation of immune response of police dogs infected with Babesia vogeli

Prevalence, genetic, and biochemical evaluation of immune response of police dogs infected with Babesia vogeli

Morphomolecular identification of two trichodinid coinfections ( Ciliophora : Trichodinidae ) and their immunological impacts on farmed Nile Tilapia

Ergasilus extensusand bacterial co‐infection in flathead grey mullet,Mugil cephalus(Linnaeus, 1758), are associated with pathological changes and immunological gene expression alterations

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