Immunological adjuvant effect of the peptide fraction from the larvae of Musca domestica

Abstract

BackgroundThe larvae of Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae) have been used traditionally for malnutritional stagnation, decubital necrosis, osteomyelitis, ecthyma and lip scald and also to treat coma and gastric cancer in the traditional Chinese medicine. Its immunomodulatory effects in naïve mice in relation to the traditional uses were also reported. However, the immunological adjuvant potentials of this insect have not yet been studied.MethodsThe peptide fraction from the larvae of Musca domestica L. (MDPF) was evaluated for its adjuvant potentials on the immune responses to ovalbumin (OVA) and avian influenza vaccine (rL–H5) by determining antigen-specific antibody titers, splenocyte proliferation, activity of natural killer (NK) cell, the secretion of cytokines from splenocytes in the immunized mice.ResultsMDPF significantly enhanced not only the concanavalin A (Con A)-, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- and antigen-stimulated splenocyte proliferation, but serum antigen-specific IgG, IgG1, IgG2a, and IgG2b antibody titers in the mice immunized with OVA and rL–H5. MDPF also remarkably promoted the killing activities of NK cells in splenocytes from the mice immunized with rL–H5. Furthermore, MDPF significantly promoted the production of Th1 (IL-2 and IFN-γ) and Th2 (IL-10) cytokines from splenocytes in the immunized mice.ConclusionsThe results indicated that MDPF had a potential to increase both cellular and humoral immune responses and elicit a balanced Th1/Th2 response, and that MDPF may be a safe and efficacious vaccine adjuvant candidate.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12906-015-0951-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Antigen-G of Larva Serum of Musca domestica as an Immunoglobulin Production Promoter in Goats under an Organic Maintenance

“…This study confirms that antigens of LAS are useful for increasing the production of goat livestock antibodies. On the other side Chen et al (2015) used peptide fraction from the larva of Musca domestica as an immunomodulatory. Similarly, Ai et al 2013recorded a high immune-response in mice after using a protein-enriched fraction isolated from larvae of M. domestica.…”

Antimicrobial peptides from the edible insect Musca domestica and their preservation effect on chilled pork

“…Many studies have indicated that AMPs from the housefly possess pharmacological value (Cao et al, ; Chen et al, ). Using high‐throughput sequencing methods, seven AMP genes ( CECROPIN, ATTACIN, DEFENSIN, DIPTERICIN, MUSCIN, DOMESTICIN, and LYSOZYME ) have been found in M. domestica infected with a mixture of E. coli and S. aureus (Tang et al, ).…”

“…Many studies have indicated that AMPs from the housefly possess pharmacological value (Cao et al, 2012;Chen et al, 2015).…”

“…For eons, AMPs have been naturally existed as the first line of defense in organisms ranging from plants to mammals (Hashemi, Holden, & Savage, ). Insects and their derivatives have been widely used in traditional medicine since long time ago (Chen, Zhang, & Sun, ). Many biofunctional components, such as chitin, polyphenols, antioxidant enzymes, and AMPs, are found in insects (Zielińska, Baraniak, & Karaś, ).…”

Cold chain and virus‐free oral polio booster vaccine made in lettuce chloroplasts confers protection against all three poliovirus serotypes

“…Bioencapsulation of antigens within plant cell wall protects them from degradation from stomach acids/enzymes upon oral delivery; commensal bacterial release enzymes to digest plant cell wall and antigens are then released in the gut lumen (Kwon and Daniell, 2015). Fusion of antigens with GM1 ganglioside receptor-binding protein CTB (cholera non-toxic subunit B) facilitates efficient delivery of vaccine antigens to the immune system (Chen et al, 2015;Gupta et al, 2015;Kumar and Daniell, 2004;Xiao et al, 2016). GM1 is broadly distributed in a variety of cell types including epithelial cells of the gut and antigen-presenting cells, macrophages, dendritic cells, and B cells allowing the fusion antigens to efficiently cross the mucosal barrier via the GM1-ganglioside receptor and provides optimal access to the immune system (Baldauf et al, 2015;Stratmann, 2015).…”