Immunohistochemical and enzyme‐histochemical study on the accessory olfactory bulb of the dog

Nakajima, Takayuki; Sakaue, Motoharu; Kato, Mihoko; Saito, Shouichiro; Ogawa, Kazushige; Taniguchi, Kazuyuki

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0185(199811)252:3<393::aid-ar7>3.3.co;2-k

Cited by 13 publications

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References 36 publications

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“…Specifically, PGP is expressed in rodent (Johnson et al, 1994) and canine (Dennis et al, 2003) VNNE as well as rodent, canine, and marmoset accessory olfactory bulb (Taniguchi et al, 1993;Johnson et al, 1994;Nakajima et al, 1998aNakajima et al, , 1998bNakajima et al, , 2003. OMP is a phylogenetically highly conserved cytoplasmic protein expressed by mature olfactory chemosensory neurons of the MOE and VNO (Margolis, 1972(Margolis, , 1980Farbman and Margolis, 1980).…”

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Expression of neuron‐specific markers by the vomeronasal neuroepithelium in six species of primates

et al. 2004

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Vomeronasal organ (VNO) morphology varies markedly across primate taxa. Old World monkeys display no postnatal VNO. Humans and at least some apes retain a vestigial VNO during postnatal life, whereas the strepsirrhines and New World Monkeys present a morphologically well-defined VNO that, in many species, is presumed to function as an olfactory organ. Available microanatomical and behavioral studies suggest that VNO function in these species does not precisely duplicate that described in other mammalian taxa. The questions of which species retain a functional VNO and what functions they serve require inquiry along diverse lines but, to be functional, the vomeronasal epithelium must be neuronal and olfactory. We used immunohistochemistry to establish these criteria in six primate species. We compared the expression of two neuronal markers, neuron-specific ␤-tubulin (BT) and protein gene product 9.5, and olfactory marker protein (OMP), a marker of mature olfactory sensory neurons, in paraffin-embedded VNO sections from two strepsirrhine and four haplorhine species, all of which retain morphologically well-defined VNOs during postnatal life. The infant Eulemur mongoz, adult Otolemur crassicaudatus, neonatal Leontopithicus rosalia, and adult Callithrix jacchus express all three proteins in their well-defined vomeronasal neuroepithelia. The infant Tarsius syrichta showed some BT and OMP immunoreactivity. We establish that two strepsirrhine species and at least some New World haplorhines have mature sensory neurons in the VNO. In contrast, at all ages examined, Saguinus geoffroyi VNO expresses these markers in only a few cells. © 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.Key words: immunohistochemistry; olfaction; olfactory marker protein; primate; ␤-tubulin; PGP 9.5; vomeronasalThe tetrapod vomeronasal organ (VNO) is bilaterally symmetric and lies along the ventrorostral aspect of the nasal septum. Sensory neurons in the vomeronasal neuroepithelium (VNNE) of snakes, rodents, and opossums detect chemical signals that evoke behavioral and/or physiological changes regarding prey identification, social status, and reproductive state (Wysocki, 1979;Halpern, 1987;Takami, 2002;Halpern and Martínez-Marcos, 2003).The rodent VNO is the best studied in terms of gene expression during development, its morphological organization, its secondary and higher-order connections, and its effects on the organism's behavior and physiology. For some time, the rodent VNO was thought to epitomize the mammalian vomeronasal system but VNO function as exemplified in rodents is not precisely replicated in other mammalian taxa, namely, ferrets (Weiler et al., 1999;

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Expression of neuron‐specific markers by the vomeronasal neuroepithelium in six species of primates

et al. 2004

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“…In the common marmoset AOB, the distribution of granule cells also remained unclear [19]. Since it has been documented that NADPH-diaphorase is localized in the granule cells in various animals [1,3,10,15,16], we conjectured that NADPH-diaphorase staining could reveal the distribution of the granule cells in the common marmoset AOB. In the present study, we observed that the granule cells were distributed under the MTL.…”

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confidence: 95%

“…Salazar et al [18] tried to demonstrate the distribution of the mitral/tufted cells using monoclonal antibody for neuron specific enolase and neurofilaments but failed to detect the immunoreactivity for these markers in the mitral/tufted cells. On the other hand, we succeeded to demonstrate the mitral/tufted cells of the dog AOB using antibody for PGP 9.5 [15]. PGP 9.5 corresponds to ubiquitin carboxyl terminal hydrolase [5,25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distribution of Protein Gene Product 9.5-Immunopositive and NADPH-Diaphorase-Positive Neurons in the Common Marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) Accessory Olfactory Bulb

Nakajima

Tanioka

Taniguchi

2003

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. The principal center of the accessory olfactory system is the accessory olfactory bulb (AOB). In primates, simians are divided into two groups, New and Old World monkeys, and the AOB is present in only New World monkeys. The common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) is a species of New World monkey. Although the morphology of the common marmoset AOB has been demonstrated, the distribution patterns of the mitral/tufted and granule cells of the AOB remain unclear. In the present study, therefore, the distribution of the mitral/tufted and granule cells in the common marmoset AOB was examined using two histochemical markers including immunostaining for protein gene product (PGP) 9.5 and NADPH-diaphorase staining. The vomeronasal nerves, gomeruli and mitral/tufted c ells showed PGP 9.5-immunoreactivity. The mitral/tufted cells were arranged in only one or two rows along the margin of the glomerular layer to form the mitral/tufted cell layer (MTL). Since the mitral/tufted cells occurred sparsely in the common marmoset, the M TL was illegible. NADPH-diaphorase reactivity was primarily detected in the rostral and caudal areas of the AOB. In these areas, gran ule cells showed NADPH-diaphorase reactivity. Since the granule cells were sparse, the common marmoset AOB displayed less-developed granule cell layer. Although the functional significance of the AOB remains to be solved in the common marmoset, small-sized and lesslaminated AOB may show that sexual behavior of the common marmoset has lesser dependence on the accessory olfactory system. KEY WORDS: accessory olfactory bulb, common marmoset, NADPH-diaphorase, nitric oxide synthase, protein gene product 9.5.

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“…By the way, the primary olfactory center is the olfactory bulb (OB). The OB is subdivided into the main olfactory bulb (MOB) and the accessory olfactory bulb (AOB) in several species [58,61,87]. In this case, the MOB receives projections from the OE, and the AOB from the VNO [4,5,32,62,79,87,97].…”

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Phylogenic Outline of the Olfactory System in Vertebrates

Taniguchi

Saito

Taniguchi

2011

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. Phylogenic outline of the vertebrate olfactory system is summarized in the present review. In the fish and the birds, the olfactory system consists only of the olfactory epithelium (OE) and the olfactory bulb (B). In the amphibians, reptiles and mammals, the olfactory system is subdivided into the main olfactory and the vomeronasal olfactory systems, and the former consists of the OE and the main olfactory bulb (MOB), while the latter the vomeronasal organ (VNO) and the accessory olfactory bulb (AOB). The subdivision of the olfactory system into the main and the vomeronasal olfactory systems may partly be induced by the difference between paraphyletic groups and monophyletic groups in the phylogeny of vertebrates.KEY WORDS: monophyletic, olfactory system, paraphyletic, phylogeny, vomeronasal system. J. Vet. Med. Sci. 73(2): 139-147, 2011 Olfaction is one of special senses of vertebrates, appears earliest among special senses in phylogeny, and remarkably contributes to the development of the neocortex in mammals [42,43,76]. In this context, studies on the phylogeny of olfaction in vertebrates are essential for the understanding of the evolution of the nervous system in mammals. On the other hand, although the large amount of data are accumulated on the morphology and function of the olfactory system in vertebrates, only a limited number of studies are published on the phylogeny of the olfactory system from a comparative anatomical point of view [7,33,34,41,48,88]. In the present review, therefore, we tried to describe our interpretation of the phylogeny of the olfactory system mainly on the basis of our morphological findings [44, 60-63, 65-67, 72-75, 79, 82-92, 100, 101] and generally accepted paleontological data [36,37,43,76]. COMPONENTS AND FUNCTIONS OF THE OLFAC-TORY SYSTEMThe olfactory system consists of the olfactory receptor organs and the primary and higher olfactory centers [30,43]. In the present review, the olfactory system must refer to the primary olfactory system consisting of the olfactory receptor organs and the primary olfactory center. The olfactory receptor organs are frequently represented by the olfactory epithelium (OE) and the vomeronasal organ (VNO) [11,15,23,24,33,50,60,[89][90][91][92]96], although the VNO is not an anatomically distinct structure in lower vertebrates and called as the vomeronasal sensory epithelium (VSE). It is generally accepted that the OE perceives the ordinary smells (odors) and the VNO the pheromones. By the way, the primary olfactory center is the olfactory bulb (OB). The OB is subdivided into the main olfactory bulb (MOB) and the accessory olfactory bulb (AOB) in several species [58,61,87]. In this case, the MOB receives projections from the OE, and the AOB from the VNO [4,5,32,62,79,87,97]. The OE and MOB constitute the main olfactory system, and the VNO and AOB the vomeronasal (accessory) olfactory system. The olfactory receptor organs and the primary olfactory center underwent diverse changes during phylogeny. The presence or absence of the VNO ...

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Immunohistochemical and enzyme‐histochemical study on the accessory olfactory bulb of the dog

Cited by 13 publications

References 36 publications

Expression of neuron‐specific markers by the vomeronasal neuroepithelium in six species of primates

Expression of neuron‐specific markers by the vomeronasal neuroepithelium in six species of primates

Distribution of Protein Gene Product 9.5-Immunopositive and NADPH-Diaphorase-Positive Neurons in the Common Marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) Accessory Olfactory Bulb

Phylogenic Outline of the Olfactory System in Vertebrates

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