Immune modulation by dendritic-cell-based cancer vaccines

Kumar, Chaitanya; Kohli, Sandeep; Bapsy, P. P.; Vaid, Ashok; Jain, Minish; Attili, Venkata Sathya Suresh; Sharan, Bandana

doi:10.1007/s12038-017-9665-x

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 113 publications

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“…Weakening of the immune system can cause tumor cells to develop more easily and affect the effectiveness of anticancer drug compounds on target cells. 35 The conclusion of this research was that Moringa oleifera leaf extract at a concentration of 3.125% containing 6.92% isothiocyanate, as confirmed by phytochemical glycoside screening, was the optimum means of decreasing VEGF expression in benzopyreneinduced oral cancer cells of Wistar rats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

The potential effect of Moringa oleifera leaves extract on vascular endothelial growth factor expression in Wistar rat oral cancer cells

2019

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Background:Cancer is a disease characterized by abnormal and uncontrolled growth of tissue cells. In Indonesia, cancer ranks as the fifth largest cause of mortality, while it is the second largest worldwide. Cancer affected by angiogenesis, the process of forming new blood vessels to provide the nutrient and oxygen necessary for tumor growth. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) represents a pro-angiogenic factor. Moringa oleifera leaf extract can be used as an anticancer agent by reducing the expression of VEGF. Purpose: The study aimed to prove that Moringa oleifera leaf extract can reduce VEGF expression in benzopyrene-induced oral cancer cells of Wistar rats. Methods: This was an experimental laboratory research with posttest-only control group design. All experimental subjects presented symptoms of cancer following induction with 8 mg/KgBW of benzopyrene. The sample consisted of 28 Wistar rats, divided into four groups, namely; a control group (K) whose members were administered with only aquadest and three treatment groups (P) treated with Moringa oleifera leaves extract at percentages of 3.125% (P1), 4.6875% (P2) and 6.25% (P3) respectively. Observation of VEGF expression was undertaken by means of immunohistochemical staining. Results: A decrease in VEGF expression occurred in all treatment groups when compared with the control group. A significant difference existed between the control group (K) and the treatment group (P1), while there were no significant differences between the treatment groups (P1, P2 and P3). Conclusion: Moringa oleifera leaf extract with a percentage of 3.125% proved most effective at reducing VEGF expression in oral cancer cells in Wistar rats.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

The potential effect of Moringa oleifera leaves extract on vascular endothelial growth factor expression in Wistar rat oral cancer cells

2019

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“…While the ex vivo induced moDC do not recapitulate bona fide DC subsets, the ease of isolation and culture has made the moDC a popular vaccine candidate in human clinical trials since the late 1990s. However, results from clinical trials using moDC in cancer immunotherapies for various cancer types have been modest at best [64,65]. In a more recent phase II trial of patients with surgically resectable liver metastatic colon adenocarcinoma, vaccination of patients with autologous tumour lysate pulsed moDC conferred interim protection, demonstrating a 3-fold increase in the median disease free survival compared to the control arm of the study [66].…”

Section: Modc and Cancer Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dendritic Cells and Their Roles in Anti-Tumour Immunity

Pang¹,

Macri²,

Patton³

et al. 2020

Current Cancer Treatment

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Dendritic cells are rare cells found in blood and throughout all organs of the body as resident or migrating cell populations. Dendritic cells sense danger signals of pathogens and host cell stress through pattern receptors expressed on the cell surface and within organelles of the cell. Ligation of these receptors leads to activation and production of many different chemokines, cytokines and interferons. Key to the function of dendritic cells is their potent capacity to present antigen and activate naïve T cells. These qualities, potent antigen presentation and cytokine production together allow the dendritic cells to be at the forefront of danger responses, linking innate and adaptive immunity. Research over the last 20 years has clarified a role of dendritic cells in anti-tumour responses, and their location within the tumour environment is clear, with both deleterious and beneficial correlations, depending on the subset and tumour type. Harnessing the qualities of dendritic cells to increase anti-tumour immunity is the ultimate goal, although this will require extensive knowledge of different dendritic cell subsets and their regulation through immune checkpoints.

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“…DCs are a heterogeneous population of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and are specialized in processing proteins, which leads to the subsequent presentation of antigens. Production of autologous DCs is carried out through ex vivo differentiation from peripheral blood precursors, followed by maturation of DCs to activate them 15 . Before being injected in the patients DCs are loaded with tumour lysates derived from patients either via viral infection or grown in media containing antigenic peptides 16 .…”

Section: Dendritic-cell-based Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promising investigational drug candidates in phase I and phase II clinical trials for mesothelioma

Guazzelli

Bakker

Tian

et al. 2017

Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs

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Malignant mesothelioma is a rare and lethal malignancy primarily affecting the pleura and peritoneum. Mesothelioma incidence is expected to increase worldwide and current treatments remain ineffective, leading to poor prognosis. Within this article potential targets to improve the quality of life of the patients and assessment of further avenues for research are discussed. Areas covered: This review highlights emerging therapies currently under investigation for malignant mesothelioma with a specific focus on phase I and phase II clinical trials. Three main areas are discussed: immunotherapy (immune checkpoint blockade and cancer vaccines, among others), multitargeted therapy (such as targeting pro-angiogenic genes) and gene therapy (such as suicide gene therapy). For each, clinical trials are described to detail the current or past investigations at phase I and II. Expert opinion: The approach of applying existing treatments from other cancers does not show significant benefit, with the most promising outcome being an increase in survival of 2.7 months following combination of chemotherapy with bevacizumab. It is our opinion that the hypoxic microenvironment, the role of the stroma, and the metabolic status of mesothelioma should all be assessed and characterised to aid in the development of new treatments to improve patient outcomes.

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Immune modulation by dendritic-cell-based cancer vaccines

Cited by 16 publications

References 113 publications

The potential effect of Moringa oleifera leaves extract on vascular endothelial growth factor expression in Wistar rat oral cancer cells

The potential effect of Moringa oleifera leaves extract on vascular endothelial growth factor expression in Wistar rat oral cancer cells

Dendritic Cells and Their Roles in Anti-Tumour Immunity

Promising investigational drug candidates in phase I and phase II clinical trials for mesothelioma

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