Immune checkpoint blockade and CAR-T cell therapy in hematologic malignancies

Wang, Hao; Kaur, Gurbakhash; Sankin, Alexander; Chen, Fuxiang; Guan, Fangxia; Zang, Xingxing

doi:10.1186/s13045-019-0746-1

Cited by 142 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 175 publications

(231 reference statements)

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“…Recently, a growing body of evidence has highlighted the potential role of CD4 and CD8 T cells in cancer dormancy maintenance 59,60 . DCCs were far less susceptible to adaptive immunity and showed low expression of cancer antigen.…”

Section: Chronic Inflammation Awakens Dormant Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The force awakens: metastatic dormant cancer cells

2020

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Recurrent cancer that spreads to distant sites is the leading cause of disease-related death among cancer patients. Cancer cells are likely to disseminate during cancer progression, and some may enter dormancy, remaining viable but not increasing. These dormant cancer cells (DCCs) are rarely detectable with current diagnostic systems. Moreover, they can interpret homoeostatic signals from the microenvironment, thereby evading immune surveillance and chemotherapy. Eventually, DCCs can reawaken in response to signals, which are not yet fully understood, resulting in recurrence and metastasis. Therefore, understanding the biology of DCC reawakening is key to preventing metastasis. Over the last decade, a growing body of literature has revealed the mechanisms involved in cancer dormancy and reawakening. The cytotoxic activity of immune cells can cause cancer cells to enter a dormant state, and chronic inflammation can reactivate cancer proliferation at distant sites. Upon the binding of circulating DCCs to extracellular molecules, various signaling cascades are activated and reinitiate cell proliferation. In the present review, we attempt to consolidate the existing literature to provide a framework for the understanding of this crucial step in cancer progression.

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Section: Chronic Inflammation Awakens Dormant Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The force awakens: metastatic dormant cancer cells

2020

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“…Here, the effects on the CD8+ cytotoxic cells and multiple subsets of the CD4 + T cells are considered. These mechanisms are important, as T cells have been implicated in the development of treatments for AML, for example creating chimeric T cells specifically targeting the tumour, and that T cells have a role in the success of current treatments such as stem cell transplantation [44][45][46][47]. T cells require co-stimulatory molecules during activation, and this can be counteracted by upregulation of inhibitory molecules, such as programmed cell death (PD-1), CD244, CD160 and T cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing-3 (TIM-3) [44].…”

Section: T Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Myeloid Leukaemia in Its Niche: the Bone Marrow Microenvironment in Acute Myeloid Leukaemia

et al. 2020

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# AbstractPurpose of Review Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is a heterogeneous malignancy for which treatment options remain suboptimal. It is clear that a greater understanding of the biology of the AML niche will enable new therapeutic strategies to be developed in order to improve treatment outcomes for patients. Recent Findings Recent evidence has highlighted the importance of the bone marrow microenvironment in protecting leukaemia cells, and in particular leukaemic stem cells from chemotherapy-induced cell death. This includes mesenchymal stem cells supporting growth and preventing apoptosis, and altered action and secretion profiles of other niche components including adipocytes, endothelial cells and T cells. Summary Here, we provide a detailed overview of the current understanding of the AML bone marrow microenvironment. Clinical trials of agents that mobilise leukaemic stem cells from the bone marrow are currently ongoing and show early promise. Future challenges will involve combining these novel therapies targeted at the AML niche with conventional chemotherapy treatment.

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“…Galectin-9 is one of the ligands of Tim-3 and negatively regulates T cell immunity. 67 A recent study shows that the interaction between Tim-3, expressed on T cells and Galectin-9, expressed in the tumor environment, is implicated in the resistance to PD-1 blockade in cancer patients (Table 2). 78 Furthermore, increased serum levels of Galectin-9 and Tim-3 were observed in the plasma of patients with acute myeloid leukemia and chronic lymphocytic leukemia, turning Galectin-9 into a potential target in leukemia.…”

Section: Galectinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…• Negatively regulates T cell immunity by binding to Tim-3 67 PRO SELECTINS L-Selectin On T cells On leukemia cells…”

Section: Galectin-3 Intracellular (T-cell) Extracellularmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human T cell glycosylation and implications on immune therapy for cancer

Bousser

Meuris

Callewaert

et al. 2020

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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Glycosylation is an important post-translational modification, giving rise to a diverse and abundant repertoire of glycans on the cell surface, collectively known as the glycome. When focusing on immunity, glycans are indispensable in virtually all signaling and cell-cell interactions. More specifically, glycans have been shown to regulate key pathophysiological steps within T cell biology such as T cell development, thymocyte selection, T cell activity and signaling as well as T cell differentiation and proliferation. They are of major importance in determining the interaction of human T cells with tumor cells. In this review, we will describe the role of glycosylation of human T cells in more depth, elaborate on the importance of glycosylation in the interaction of human T cells with tumor cells and discuss the potential of cancer immunotherapies that are based on manipulating the glycome functions at the tumor immune interface.

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Immune checkpoint blockade and CAR-T cell therapy in hematologic malignancies

Cited by 142 publications

References 175 publications

The force awakens: metastatic dormant cancer cells

The force awakens: metastatic dormant cancer cells

Acute Myeloid Leukaemia in Its Niche: the Bone Marrow Microenvironment in Acute Myeloid Leukaemia

Human T cell glycosylation and implications on immune therapy for cancer

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