Immobilization of Cadmium from Contaminated Sediment Using Cardboard Mill Sludge

Abstract

Abstract:Sludge from cardboard mill is most commonly landfi lled, but it could also be recycled on-site into production or reused in some other way. In this study the use of sludge from cardboard mill as stabilizing agent in the stabilization treatment of cadmium polluted sediment was examined. The effectiveness of treatment and long-term leaching behavior of cadmium was evaluated by determining the cumulative percentage of cadmium leached, diffusion coeffi cients (De) and by applying different leaching tests (semi-dynamic test, toxicity characteristic leaching procedure, waste extraction test). In order to simulate the "worst case" leaching conditions, the semi-dynamic leaching test was modifi ed using 0.014 M acetic acid (pH = 3.25) and humic acids solution (20 mg l -1 TOC) as leachants instead of deionized water. A diffusion-based model was used to elucidate the controlling leaching mechanisms. Applied treatment was effective in immobilizing cadmium irrespective of high availability in the untreated sample. The controlling leaching mechanism appeared to be diffusion, which indicates that a slow leaching of cadmium could be expected when the cardboard mill sludge as stabilization agent is applied.

Application of white mustard and oats in the phytostabilisation of soil contaminated with cadmium with the addition of cellulose and urea

“…Cadmium salts are relatively soluble, which is why this element can migrate in the natural environment. Moreover, cadmium forms soluble complexes with organic compounds, which increases its mobility (Prica et al 2012;Lorenc-Plucińska et al 2013;Aghababaei et al 2014). Therefore, solutions are being sought to counteract these processes.…”

Contaminated Aquatic Sediments

“…Using water-leachable Hg was reduced by 90%-93% and TCLPleachable Hg was reduced by 65%-91%. Prica et al (2012) studied the use of cardboard mill sludge as a stabilizing agent in the treatment of cadmium polluted sediment and found it to be effective in immobilizing cadmium irrespective of high availability in the untreated sample.…”

Assessing the possibility of solidification and stabilization of pyrite cinder by using quicklime and fly ash

“…S/S technology is widely applied to immobilize heavy metals in contaminated soils and sludges with various additives (Conner 1990;M. B. Dalmacija, Prica, Dalmacija, Roncevic, & Rajic 2010;Dermatas & Meng 2003;Jing, Meng, & Korfiatis 2004;Moon & Dermatas 2007;Prica et al 2012). Also, it is widely used for treatment of hazardous wastes that are mostly inorganic before their final disposal (Pereira, Rodrı́guez-Piñero, & Vale 2001) and it is viable for most metallic waste streams (Conner 1990).…”