Immediate spatial distortions of pointing movements induced by visual landmarks

Diedrichsen, Jörn; Werner, Steffen; Schmidt, Thomas; Trommershäuser, Julia

doi:10.3758/bf03194864

Cited by 58 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(77 reference statements)

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“…Previous studies of immediate recall of single spatial locations suggest that when local landmarks are visible, locations are encoded in relation to these landmarks, even though egocentric encoding is still possible (see, e.g., Diedrichsen et al, 2004;Lemay et al, 2004). Since in the present study the visual environment was visible at all times, we might expect egocentric encoding to have made little contribution to spatial span.…”

Section: Summary and Interpretation Of Resultscontrasting

confidence: 42%

“…After a short interval, participants had to indicate the position of the target (1) in total darkness (so that target location could be encoded only egocentrically), or (2) with respect to a local visible landmark that was stationary (permitting either egocentric or allocentric encoding), or (3) with respect to a landmark that was moved between presentation and test (permitting only allocentric encoding). In at least two recent studies, the pattern of pointing errors was markedly different for the egocentric versus the allocentric conditions; when either reference frame was available, the pointing errors indicated a preference for allocentric encoding (see, e.g., Diedrichsen, Werner, Schmidt, & Trommershauser, 2004;Lemay, Bertram, & Stelmach, 2004). These results suggest that proximal spatial position is coded with respect to a landmark, if one is available, rather than with respect to the observer's position.…”

Section: Short-term Memory For Single Locationsmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…More evidence of extrinsic encoding might be found if direct pointing responses were made-through use of a touch screen, for example. However, in their studies of immediate recall of single locations, Diedrichsen and colleagues (Diedrichsen et al, 2004;Werner & Diedrichsen, 2002) found similar patterns of landmark-based errors with direct and mouse-based responses, suggesting that mode of response did not influence the reference frame.…”

Section: Limitations Of the Present Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatial span under translation: A study of reference frames

Avons

2007

Memory & Cognition

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The nature of the reference frame used to remember location sequences in a computer-presented version of spatial span was investigated by moving the template (a rectangular frame enclosing nine target squares) across the screen during presentation and/or during recall. Movement of the display during presentation substantially impaired memory in comparison with a stationary display (Experiment 1). However, there was no effect of template movement during recall (Experiment 2). In Experiments 3 and 4, the template was moved through the same screen locations during presentation and recall. When the extrinsic, or screen location, of each position was repeated identically on each trial but the sequence on the template varied, learning was not facilitated (Experiment 3). When the template sequences were repeated across trials but extrinsic location varied, the sequences were rapidly learned (Experiment 4). In this version of spatial span, location sequences appear to be encoded in an intrinsic frame of reference that is based on the template. Movement of the template during encoding impairs this process, possibly because concurrent attention shifts prevent the encoding of locations. The results are discussed with respect to recent studies of positional encoding in which multiple reference frames were available. Memory & Cognition 2007, 35(3), 402-417 S. E. Avons, savons@essex.ac.uk

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Section: Summary and Interpretation Of Resultscontrasting

confidence: 42%

Section: Short-term Memory For Single Locationsmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Limitations Of the Present Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatial span under translation: A study of reference frames

Avons

2007

Memory & Cognition

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“…If not extinguished at the right time, this allocentric cue could influence the behavioral response. For example, reach tends to be biased toward the nearest irrelevant landmark (Diedrichsen et al 2004). This could affect numerous studies, so we will highlight just one relevant example.…”

Section: Comparison To Previous Cue-combination Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cue Reliability and a Landmark Stability Heuristic Determine Relative Weighting Between Egocentric and Allocentric Visual Information in Memory-Guided Reach

Byrne

Crawford

2010

Journal of Neurophysiology

113

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Byrne PA, Crawford JD. Cue reliability and a landmark stability heuristic determine relative weighting between egocentric and allocentric visual information in memory-guided reach. J Neurophysiol 103: 3054-3069, 2010. First published March 24, 2010 doi:10.1152/jn.01008.2009. It is not known how egocentric visual information (location of a target relative to the self) and allocentric visual information (location of a target relative to external landmarks) are integrated to form reach plans. Based on behavioral data from rodents and humans we hypothesized that the degree of stability in visual landmarks would influence the relative weighting. Furthermore, based on numerous cue-combination studies we hypothesized that the reach system would act like a maximumlikelihood estimator (MLE), where the reliability of both cues determines their relative weighting. To predict how these factors might interact we developed an MLE model that weighs egocentric and allocentric information based on their respective reliabilities, and also on an additional stability heuristic. We tested the predictions of this model in 10 human subjects by manipulating landmark stability and reliability (via variable amplitude vibration of the landmarks and variable amplitude gaze shifts) in three reach-to-touch tasks: an egocentric control (reaching without landmarks), an allocentric control (reaching relative to landmarks), and a cue-conflict task (involving a subtle landmark "shift" during the memory interval). Variability from all three experiments was used to derive parameters for the MLE model, which was then used to simulate egocentric-allocentric weighting in the cue-conflict experiment. As predicted by the model, landmark vibration-despite its lack of influence on pointing variability (and thus allocentric reliability) in the control experimenthad a strong influence on egocentric-allocentric weighting. A reduced model without the stability heuristic was unable to reproduce this effect. These results suggest heuristics for extrinsic cue stability are at least as important as reliability for determining cue weighting in memory-guided reaching.

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“…Spatial reference frames were inferred from the pattern of pointing errors, which depended on the arrangement of stimuli at presentation and conditions at the time of response. For example, Diedrichsen, Werner, Schmidt, and Trommershäuser (2004) reported that the pattern of pointing errors made to briefly presented and masked dots was influenced by the presence of landmark stimuli in the otherwise blank field. Similar error patterns were found when observers were required to encode position with respect to landmarks that moved between presentation and recall, consistent with (but not necessarily implying) allocentric coding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using temporal order to identify spatial reference frames

Avons

Oswald

2008

Perception & Psychophysics

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1068This article will describe a new method for identifying the spatial reference frame used to encode a sequence of spatial locations. The method is quite general and can be applied in any situation in which two reference frames can be moved in relation to each other in a controlled manner. Here, the method will be used to address concerns about the nature of the reference frame and the involvement of movement interference in spatial span, a task commonly used to estimate spatial short-term memory (STM). Spatial span provides an ideal vehicle for illustrating the method, so we shall first review recent findings and issues concerning spatial span and then proceed to describe the method. Spatial SpanIn spatial span, a sequence of discrete spatial locations is presented at a fixed rate in full view of an observer. The observer's task is to remember the sequence and reproduce it by pointing to the locations of the sequence in the correct order. The task was initially devised by Corsi (1972) as an analogue of digit span and was presented as an array of nine wooden blocks fixed to a rectangular board. The experimenter indicated a spatial sequence by tapping each block in succession. The Corsi task can readily be adapted to computerized presentation, in a format in which the board is shown in plan view as a rectangular frame enclosing a number of squares and the sequence is indicated by highlighting each square in turn. With computer presentation, the configuration is more flexible; for example, the positions of the squares can be varied across trials, rather than fixed, and the number of squares can vary. In addition, computer presentation allows the visibility of the tokens during presentation to be controlled. In the original Corsi task, all the possible locations, which were fixed objects, were visible throughout presentation and recall. In the form of the task used here, only one spatial token is displayed at a time during presentation, derived from the dots task developed by Jones and his colleagues (Jones, Farrand, Stuart, & Morris, 1995). In all cases, all the potential spatial locations are visible during recall, when the observer reconstructs the sequence. For a review of spatial span and its clinical applications, see Berch, Krikorian, and Huha (1998).A number of dual-task studies have explored the effect of various kinds of interference presented concurrently with the spatial sequence or during the retention interval. These studies have consistently shown impairment caused by spatial tapping, by spatial attention shifts, and by directing eye movements to irrelevant targets (e. (Smyth, Pearson, & Pendleton, 1988). One interpretation is that the sequence of locations is remembered in the form of a motor plan, so that any task that engages movement control processes will produce interference. A similar account has been proposed to explain interference with visual imagery tasks (e.g., Baddeley, 1986;Logie, 1995;Postle, Idzikowski, Della Sala, Logie, & Baddeley, 2006). Others have argued that movement and ocul...

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Immediate spatial distortions of pointing movements induced by visual landmarks

Cited by 58 publications

References 45 publications

Spatial span under translation: A study of reference frames

Spatial span under translation: A study of reference frames

Cue Reliability and a Landmark Stability Heuristic Determine Relative Weighting Between Egocentric and Allocentric Visual Information in Memory-Guided Reach

Using temporal order to identify spatial reference frames

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