Immediate fire-induced changes in soil microbial community composition in an outdoor experimental controlled system

Lucas‐Borja, Manuel Esteban; Ortega, Raúl; Plaza‐Álvarez, Pedro Antonio; González-Romero, J.; Sagra, J.; Soriano, Miguel; Certini, Giacomo; Heras, Jorge de las

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134033

Cited by 44 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Although BSR and GLU were not affected by prescribed burning because of its low fire susceptibility (Boerner & Brinkman, 2003), Cmic and other analyzed soil enzymatic activities significantly altered. Cmic significantly lowered during the study period, as previously reported (Barreiro, Martín, Carballas, & Díaz-Raviña, 2010;Catalanotti et al, 2018;Fontúrbel et al, 2012;Palese, Giovannini, Lucchesi, Dumontet, & Perucci, 2004), which could corroborate that certain microbial groups, mainly fungi, are highly vulnerable to heat (García-Orenes et al, 2017;Lucas-Borja et al, 2019a). However, BSR barely altered and had the same value 1 year after fire, probably due to the marked alteration of microbial groups, which could promote a higher presence of opportunists with a faster metabolism, as observed in other altered soil scenarios (Pascual-Rico, Morugán-Coronado, Botella, García-Orenes, & Sánchez-Zapata, 2018).…”

Section: Basal Soil Respiration Microbial Biomass Carbon and Soil Enzymatic Activitysupporting

confidence: 84%

Early spring prescribed burning in mixedPinus halepensisMill. andPinus pinasterAit. stands reduced biological soil functionality in the short term

et al. 2020

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This study evaluates the effects of prescribed burnings on soil physico‐chemical and biological properties in the short term. This practice is still in the process of evaluation and its effect on Mediterranean pine forests is not understood completely. Prescribed burning was carried out in three plots of mixed Pinus halepensis and Pinus pinaster stands in Castilla‐La Mancha (Spain) while monitoring soil temperature. Vegetation coverage was measured and soil samples were taken before, immediately after and 1 year after burning. Texture, pH, soil electrical conductivity, cation exchange capacity, soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, magnesium, calcium, potassium, basal soil respiration, microbial biomass carbon content and enzymatic activities of urease, dehydrogenase, phosphatase, and β‐glucosidase were evaluated by generalized linear models, and a principal component analysis was used to reveal the relations between variables. The vegetation cover was reduced by 85% after fire. Soil organic carbon increased immediately after burning to return to the previous values one year later. Phosphorous and cationic exchange capacity increased immediately after burning and remained high one year later, while electrical conductivity and sodium were significantly lower after a year. Basal soil respiration and glucosidase were not affected by prescribed burning. Microbial biomass carbon, urease, phosphatase, and dehydrogenase had significantly lowered one year after burning. Our results show that prescribed burning managed to decrease the vegetation cover of the understory while it also reduced soil biological functions in areas with poorly developed soil and a dry climate, where recovery periods can be longer than expected.

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Section: Basal Soil Respiration Microbial Biomass Carbon and Soil Enzymatic Activitysupporting

confidence: 84%

Early spring prescribed burning in mixedPinus halepensisMill. andPinus pinasterAit. stands reduced biological soil functionality in the short term

et al. 2020

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“…However, a recent study investigating the impacts of experimental fire in a California grassland found that fire altered bacterial composition but not alpha diversity (Yang et al 2019), similar to our study. Another recent study of prescribed fires in Mediterranean Aleppo pine forests found that higher severity prescribed fires had larger impacts on bacterial composition than lower severity ones, although both significantly altered bacterial composition (Lucas-Borja et al 2019). Thus, prescribed fires are more likely to alter microbial composition than richness, which could nonetheless alter plant growth and composition (van der Heijden et al 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prescribed versus wildfire impacts on exotic plants and soil microbes in California grasslands

Glassman

et al. 2021

Preprint

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1. Prescribed fire is often used as a management tool to decrease exotic plant cover and increase native plant cover in grasslands. These changes may also be mediated by fire impacts on soil microbial communities, which drive plant productivity and function. Yet, the ecological effects of prescribed burns compared to wildfires on either plant or soil microbial composition remain unclear. 2. Here, we investigated the impacts of a spring prescribed fire versus a fall wildfire on plant cover and community composition and bacterial and fungal richness, abundance, and composition in a California grassland. We used qPCR of 16S and 18S to assess impacts on bacterial and fungal abundance and Illumina MiSeq of 16S and ITS2 to assess impacts on bacterial and fungal richness and composition. 3. Wildfire had stronger impacts than prescribed fire on microbial communities and both fires had similar impacts on plants with both prescribed and wildfire reducing exotic plant cover but neither reducing exotic plant richness. Fungal richness declined after the wildfire but not prescribed fire, but bacterial richness was unaffected by either. Yet increasing char levels in both fire types resulted in reduced bacterial and fungal biomass, and both fire types slightly altered bacterial and fungal composition. 4. Exotic and native plant diversity differentially affected soil microbial diversity, with native plant diversity leading to increased arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal richness while exotic plant diversity better predicted bacterial richness. However, the remainder of the soil microbial communities were more related to aspects of soil chemistry including cation exchange capacity, organic matter, pH and phosphorous. 5. Synthesis and applications. Understanding the different ecological effects of prescribed fires and wildfires on plant and soil communities are key to enhancing a prevalent management action and to guide potential management opportunities post wildfires. Our coupled plant and soil community sampling allowed us to capture the sensitivity of the fungal community to fire and highlights the importance of potentially incorporating management actions such as soil or fungal amendments to promote this critical community that mediates native plant performance.

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“…While a myriad of studies have reported changes in microbial community membership in response to wildfire 66,[69][70][71] , the functional implications of these shifts are difficult to infer from marker gene studies. Here we used genome-resolved metagenomics to generate the Fire Responding Ecogenomic database (FiRE-db), a comprehensive, publicly accessible database of fireresponding bacterial, fungal, and viral genomes from coniferous forest soils (BioProject ID #PRJNA682830).…”

Section: Development Of a Unique Mag Database From Fire-impacted Soilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wildfires reduce soil microbial community diversity in numerous ecosystems [17][18][19][20] and such changes are likely to influence and potentially inhibit post-fire plant recovery 21,22 . Although post-fire shifts in soil microbiome composition are relatively well characterized across ecosystems 16,18,19,23 , the impacts of fire on microbiome metabolic function and microbiallymediated biogeochemical processes are not. To date, the vast majority of soil microbiome studies following wildfire have measured 'who is there?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Playing with FiRE: A genome resolved view of the soil microbiome responses to high severity forest wildfire

Rhoades

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Warming climate has increased the frequency and size of high severity wildfires in the western United States, with deleterious impacts on forest ecosystem resilience. Although forest soil microbiomes provide a myriad of ecosystem functions, little is known regarding the impact of high severity fire on microbially-mediated processes. Here, we characterized functional shifts in the soil microbiome (bacterial, fungal, and viral) across wildfire burn severity gradients one year post-fire in coniferous forests (Colorado and Wyoming, USA). We generated the Fire Responding Ecogenomic database (FiRE-db), consisting of 637 metagenome-assembled bacterial genomes, 2490 viral populations, and 2 fungal genomes complemented by 12 metatranscriptomes from soils affected by low and high-severity, and complementary marker gene sequencing and metabolomics data. Actinobacteria dominated the fraction of enriched and active taxa across burned soils. Taxa within surficial soils impacted by high severity wildfire exhibited traits including heat resistance, sporulation and fast growth that enhanced post-fire survival. Carbon cycling within this system was predicted to be influenced by microbial processing of pyrogenic compounds and turnover of dominant bacterial community members by abundant viruses. These genome-resolved analyses across trophic levels reveal the complexity of post-fire soil microbiome activity and offer opportunities for restoration strategies that specifically target these communities.

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Immediate fire-induced changes in soil microbial community composition in an outdoor experimental controlled system

Cited by 44 publications

References 49 publications

Early spring prescribed burning in mixedPinus halepensisMill. andPinus pinasterAit. stands reduced biological soil functionality in the short term

Early spring prescribed burning in mixedPinus halepensisMill. andPinus pinasterAit. stands reduced biological soil functionality in the short term

Prescribed versus wildfire impacts on exotic plants and soil microbes in California grasslands

Playing with FiRE: A genome resolved view of the soil microbiome responses to high severity forest wildfire

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