Imaging of Medical Disease of the Newborn Lung

Newman, Beverley

doi:10.1016/s0033-8389(05)70248-7

Cited by 37 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Fetal pulse oximetry is a new modality for antepartum fetal surveillance [15][16][17] , but its effect on outcome remains ques tionable [18][19][20] . Amnioinfusion may be an effective therapy for pregnancies complicated by oligohydramnios and fetal distress.…”

Section: Prepartum Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meconium Aspiration Syndrome: The Core Concept of Pathophysiology during Resuscitation

Yeh

2017

Neonatal Med

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Aspiration of meconium produces a syndrome (Meconium Aspiration Syndrome MAS) characterized by hypoxia, hypercapnia, and acidosis. Perinatal hypoxia, acute airway obstruction, pulmonary inflammation, pulmonary vasoconstriction, pulm onary hypertension, and surfactant inactivation all play a role in the pathogenesis of MAS. Most aspiration of meconium probably occurs before birth. Following aspira tion, meconium may migrate to the peripheral airway, usually take about 2 hours as demonstrated in animal experiment, leading to airway obstruction and subsequent lung inflammation and pulmonary hypertension. The presence of meconium in the endotracheal aspirate automatically establishes the diagnosis of MAS. Clinical diag nosis can be made in any infant born with meconium staining of amniotic fluid who develops respiratory distress at or shortly after birth and has positive radiographic findings. Prevention of intrauterine hypoxia, early cleaning (suctioning) of the airway, and prevention and treatment of pulmonary hypertension are essential in the mana gement of MAS. Recent studies suggest that avoidance of post term delivery may reduce the risk of intrauterine hypoxia and the incidence of MAS. Routine intrapartum naso and oropharyngeal suction does not appear to affect the incidence and outcome of MAS. Endotracheal suction at birth is considered a controversial procedure and only reserved for infants who have severe retraction at birth suggesting an upper air way obstruction. High fre quency oscillatory ventilation with nitric oxide or surfactant may improve mortality. Mortality of MAS has improved; the causes of death are relat ed primarily to hypoxic respiratory failure associated with irreversible pulmonary hypertension. Morbidity is affected mostly by perinatal hypoxia.

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Section: Prepartum Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meconium Aspiration Syndrome: The Core Concept of Pathophysiology during Resuscitation

Yeh

2017

Neonatal Med

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“…Solitary lobar consolidations are uncommon. 47 There is an association between group B streptococcal pneumonia and an ipsilateral diaphragmatic hernia. 48 Chest radiographs in group B streptococcal sepsis can mimic the diffuse ground-glass opacity seen in surfactant deficiency disease.…”

Section: Neonatal Pneumoniamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Radiographic alterations caused by infection may be subtle when superimposed on chronic lung changes. 47…”

Section: Neonatal Pneumoniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Pneumonia in Normal and Immunocompromised Children: An Overview and Update

Eslamy¹,

Newman²

2011

Radiologic Clinics of North America

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Pneumonia is an infection of the lung parenchyma caused by a wide variety of organisms in pediatric patients. The role of imaging is to detect the presence of pneumonia, and determine its location and extent, exclude other thoracic causes of respiratory symptoms, and show complications such as effusion/empyema and suppurative lung changes. The overarching goal of this article is to review cause, role of imaging, imaging techniques, and the spectrum of acute and chronic pneumonias in children. Pneumonia in the neonate and immunocompromised host is also discussed.

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“…3). 6,7 The appearances are modified by the degree of ventilatory support, the phase of respiration at the time of radiography and various therapeutic measures. Whilst IRDS classically shows a homogeneous and symmetrical distribution of pulmonary shadowing, the administration of pulmonary surfactant via the ET tube may give rise to a more patchy and heteroge-neous pattern which is more suggestive of infection rather than IRDS (Fig.…”

Section: Idiopathic Respiratory Distress Syndrome (Irds)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pneumothoraces are generally easy to detect radiographically as the lung edge becomes visible but they may be more subtle when found in a subpulmonary position the diaphragm or causing depression of loculated anteriorly. 7 A lateral shoot-through X-ray can be particularly useful to check the position of where the chest drain in relation to the collection of air, when the pneumothorax persists following the insertion of an intercostal drain ( Fig. 7).…”

Section: Air Leaksmentioning

confidence: 99%

The neonatal chest X-ray

Arthur

2001

Paediatric Respiratory Reviews

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Imaging of Medical Disease of the Newborn Lung

Cited by 37 publications

References 41 publications

Meconium Aspiration Syndrome: The Core Concept of Pathophysiology during Resuscitation

Meconium Aspiration Syndrome: The Core Concept of Pathophysiology during Resuscitation

Pneumonia in Normal and Immunocompromised Children: An Overview and Update

The neonatal chest X-ray

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