Imaging crystal stress in diamond using ensembles of nitrogen-vacancy centers

Kehayias, Pauli; Turner, Matthew; Trubko, Raisa; Schloss, Jennifer; Hart, Connor; Wesson, Marie E.; Glenn, David; Walsworth, Ronald L.

doi:10.1103/physrevb.100.174103

Cited by 80 publications

(111 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Note that the term proportional to P vanishes for I ¼ 1=2 in 15 NV − , as no quadrupolar moment exists for spins I < 1. The NV − electron spin also interacts with electric fields ⃗ E and crystal stress (with associated strain) (Kehayias et al, 2019). In terms of the axial dipole moment d k , transverse dipole moments d ⊥ and d 0 ⊥ , and spin-strain coupling parameters fM z ; M x ; M y ; N x ; N y g, the interaction is presently best approximated by (van Oort and Glasbeek, 1990;Doherty et al, 2012;Barfuss et al, 2019;Udvarhelyi et al, 2018)…”

Section: The Nv − Ground-state Spinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Experimental values of d ⊥ and d k are given in Table XIV. In magnetometry measurements, the terms proportional to d 0 ⊥ E i þ N i for i ¼ x, y are typically ignored, as they are off diagonal in the S z basis, and the energy level shifts they produce are thus suppressed by D (Kehayias et al, 2019). Furthermore, many magnetometry implementations operate with an applied bias field ⃗ B 0 satisfying…”

Section: The Nv − Ground-state Spinmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sensitivity optimization for NV-diamond magnetometry

et al. 2020

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Solid-state spin systems including nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond constitute an increasingly favored quantum sensing platform. However, present NV ensemble devices exhibit sensitivities orders of magnitude away from theoretical limits. The sensitivity shortfall both handicaps existing implementations and curtails the envisioned application space. This review analyzes present and proposed approaches to enhance the sensitivity of broadband ensemble-NV-diamond magnetometers. Improvements to the spin dephasing time, the readout fidelity, and the host diamond material properties are identified as the most promising avenues and are investigated extensively. This analysis of sensitivity optimization establishes a foundation to stimulate development of new techniques for enhancing solid-state sensor performance.

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Section: The Nv − Ground-state Spinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Nv − Ground-state Spinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity optimization for NV-diamond magnetometry

et al. 2020

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“…for the projection of B 0 along a single N-V axis, where h is Planck's constant, D(T) ≈ 2870 MHz is the temperature dependent zero-field splitting, T is the temperature, the S k are the dimensionless spin-1 Pauli operators, γ = 2.803 × 10 4 MHz/T is the N-V gyromagnetic ratio, the B k are the components of B 0 in the N-V frame, and the M k are crystal stress terms [34]. Electric field terms contribute minimally and are neglected [35][36][37].…”

Section: A Qdm Experimental Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This approach yields wide field-of-view images with high spatial resolution and good magnetic field sensitivity, while minimally perturbing the sample under study [15,16]. A diamond with sufficiently low M z inhomogeneity across the field of view is used to minimize degradation of performance [34]. Further suppression of strain contributions is achieved with application of the static bias field, B 0 .…”

Section: A Qdm Experimental Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Magnetic Field Fingerprinting of Integrated-Circuit Activity with a Quantum Diamond Microscope

et al. 2020

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Current density distributions in active integrated circuits result in patterns of magnetic fields that contain structural and functional information about the integrated circuit. Magnetic fields pass through standard materials used by the semiconductor industry and provide a powerful means to fingerprint integratedcircuit activity for security and failure analysis applications. Here, we demonstrate high spatial resolution, wide field-of-view, vector magnetic field imaging of static magnetic field emanations from an integrated circuit in different active states using a quantum diamond microscope (QDM). The QDM employs a dense layer of fluorescent nitrogen-vacancy (N-V) quantum defects near the surface of a transparent diamond substrate placed on the integrated circuit to image magnetic fields. We show that QDM imaging achieves a resolution of approximately 10 μm simultaneously for all three vector magnetic field components over the 3.7 × 3.7 mm 2 field of view of the diamond. We study activity arising from spatially dependent current flow in both intact and decapsulated field-programmable gate arrays, and find that QDM images can determine preprogrammed integrated-circuit active states with high fidelity using machine learning classification methods.

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Intracellular Thermal Probing Using Aggregated Fluorescent Nanodiamonds

Chen

Gong

et al. 2021

Advanced Science

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Intracellular thermometry provides important information about the physiological activity of single cells and has been implemented using diverse temperature‐sensitive materials as nanoprobes. However, measuring the temperature of specific organelles or subcellular structures is challenging because it requires precise positioning of the nanoprobes. Here, it is shown that dispersed fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) endocytosed in living cells can be aggregated into microspheres using optical forces and used as intracellular temperature probes. The aggregation of the FNDs and electromagnetic resonance between individual nanodiamonds in the microspheres lead to a sevenfold intensity enhancement of 546‐nm laser excitation. With the assistance of a scanning optical tweezing system, the FND microspheres can be precisely patterned and positioned within the cells. By measuring the fluorescence spectra of the microspheres, the temperatures at different locations within the cells are detected. The method provides an approach to the constructing and positioning of nanoprobes in an intracellular manner, which has potential applications in high‐precision and flexible single‐cell analysis.

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Imaging crystal stress in diamond using ensembles of nitrogen-vacancy centers

Cited by 80 publications

References 42 publications

Sensitivity optimization for NV-diamond magnetometry

Sensitivity optimization for NV-diamond magnetometry

Magnetic Field Fingerprinting of Integrated-Circuit Activity with a Quantum Diamond Microscope

Intracellular Thermal Probing Using Aggregated Fluorescent Nanodiamonds

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