IgE‐cross‐blocking antibodies to <i>Fagales</i> following sublingual immunotherapy with recombinant Bet v 1

Grilo, João Rodrigues; Kitzmüller, Claudia; Aglas, Lorenz; Acosta, Gabriela Sánchez; Vollmann, Ute; Ebner, Christof; Horák, F.; Kinaciyan, Tamar; Radauer, Christian; Ferreira, Fátima; Jahn‐Schmid, Beatrice; Bohle, Barbara

doi:10.1111/all.14817

Cited by 17 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Here, allergic tolerance was correlated to both IgG 4 and IgG 1−3 . While the latter was not found to be statistically significant, it is consistent with other studies in which the protective effect of immunotherapy treatments is mediated by a plurality of IgG isoforms suggesting both the classic Th1 and modified Th2 response can contribute to tolerance ( 55 – 58 ). Despite its protective effects, the modified Th2/IgG 4 response is dependent on initial B-cell activation by IL-4.…”

Section: Anomalous Dose-response Curves Provide Insight Into the Mech...supporting

confidence: 90%

Abundance and Stability as Common Properties of Allergens

Foo¹,

Mueller²

2021

Front. Allergy

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There have been many attempts to identify common biophysical properties which differentiate allergens from their non-immunogenic counterparts. This review will focus on recent studies which examine two such factors: abundance and stability. Anecdotal accounts have speculated that the elevated abundance of potential allergens would increase the likelihood of human exposure and thus the probability of sensitization. Similarly, the stability of potential allergens dictates its ability to remain a viable immunogen during the transfer from the source to humans. This stability could also increase the resilience of potential allergens to both gastric and endosomal degradation, further skewing the immune system toward allergy. Statistical analyses confirm both abundance and stability as common properties of allergens, while epidemiological surveys show a correlation between exposure levels (abundance) and allergic disease. Additional studies show that changes in protein stability can predictably alter gastric/endosomal processing and immunogenicity, providing a mechanistic link between stability and allergenicity. However, notable exceptions exist to both hypotheses which highlight the multifaceted nature of immunological sensitization, and further inform our understanding of some of these other factors and their contribution to allergic disease.

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Section: Anomalous Dose-response Curves Provide Insight Into the Mech...supporting

confidence: 90%

Abundance and Stability as Common Properties of Allergens

Foo¹,

Mueller²

2021

Front. Allergy

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“…Instead, the patients who had received rBet v 1 induced a protective response to apple [ 174 ]. This latter finding has been shown in other allergens from fagal families [ 175 ].…”

Section: Benefits and Limitations Of Novel Immunotherapiessupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Although immunological methods have long been considered the gold standard for allergen identification, MS offers considerable benefits by allowing allergen identification based on MS/MS data from the allergen of interest [ 192 ]. For example, we have previously identified novel allergens from Ligustrum lucidum including enolase, pollen-specific polygalacturonases, Fra e 9.01 (β-1,3-glucanase), profilin, alanine aminotransferase, and ATP synthase beta subunit [ 175 ]. Using a similar approach, allergens from both red oak and pecan [ 189 , 191 ] have been recognized.…”

Section: Allergy Proteomicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allergen Immunotherapy: Current and Future Trends

Pavón-Romero

Parra-Vargas

Ramírez-Jiménez

et al. 2022

Cells

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Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) is the sole disease-modifying treatment for allergic rhinitis; it prevents rhinitis from progressing to asthma and lowers medication use. AIT against mites, insect venom, and certain kinds of pollen is effective. The mechanism of action of AIT is based on inducing immunological tolerance characterized by increased IL-10, TGF-β, and IgG4 levels and Treg cell counts. However, AIT requires prolonged schemes of administration and is sometimes associated with adverse reactions. Over the last decade, novel forms of AIT have been developed, focused on better allergen identification, structural modifications to preserve epitopes for B or T cells, post-traductional alteration through chemical processes, and the addition of adjuvants. These modified allergens induce clinical-immunological effects similar to those mentioned above, increasing the tolerance to other related allergens but with fewer side effects. Clinical studies have shown that molecular AIT is efficient in treating grass and birch allergies. This article reviews the possibility of a new AIT to improve the treatment of allergic illness.

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“…Recent data showed that ligand-binding played an important role in sensitization and manifestation of allergenic properties of Bet v 1 homologs and LTPs ( Fujimoto et al, 1998 ; Chruszcz et al, 2021 ). IgE antibodies to Bet v 1 cross-react with homologues allergens from pollen of such trees as alder (Aln g 1), hazel (Cor a 1), beech (Fag s 1), chestnut (Cas s 1) and others ( Grilo et al, 2021 ) as well as with Bet v 1-like proteins from nuts, fruits and vegetables, particularly, with the peanut Ara h 8 apple Mal d 1 ( Vanekkrebitz et al, 1995 ; Bohle et al, 2003 ), carrot Dau c 1 ( Zulehner et al, 2017 ), causing oral allergy syndrome (OAS) ( Costa et al, 2022 ) in 70% of birch allergic patients ( Högerle et al, 2022 ). Symptoms of OAS usually appear immediately after plant food consumption and mainly affect oropharyngeal area, but such severe reactions as anaphylaxis also may take place ( Högerle et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Characterization Of Pollen Allergensmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cross-blocking bioactivity of these antibodies was highly variable and could not be predicted from protein homology or IgE cross-reactivity. Thus, immunotherapy with the reference allergen Bet v1 induces an individual repertoire of cross-reactive antibodies IgG1 and IgG4 ( Grilo et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Sensitization To Pollen Allergensmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Do Pollen Allergens Sensitize?

Guryanova

Finkina

Melnikova

et al. 2022

Front. Mol. Biosci.

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Plant pollen is one of the main sources of allergens causing allergic diseases such as allergic rhinitis and asthma. Several allergens in plant pollen are panallergens which are also present in other allergen sources. As a result, sensitized individuals may also experience food allergies. The mechanism of sensitization and development of allergic inflammation is a consequence of the interaction of allergens with a large number of molecular factors that often are acting in a complex with other compounds, for example low-molecular-mass ligands, which contribute to the induction a type 2-driven response of immune system. In this review, special attention is paid not only to properties of allergens but also to an important role of their interaction with lipids and other hydrophobic molecules in pollen sensitization. The reactions of epithelial cells lining the nasal and bronchial mucosa and of other immunocompetent cells will also be considered, in particular the mechanisms of the activation of B and T lymphocytes and the formation of allergen-specific antibody responses.

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IgE‐cross‐blocking antibodies to Fagales following sublingual immunotherapy with recombinant Bet v 1

Abstract: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Cited by 17 publications

References 27 publications

Abundance and Stability as Common Properties of Allergens

Abundance and Stability as Common Properties of Allergens

Allergen Immunotherapy: Current and Future Trends

How Do Pollen Allergens Sensitize?

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