IgA Class Endomysium Antibodies in Dermatitis Herpetiformis and Coeliac Disease ^a

Antiendomysium antibodies in brazilian patients with celiac disease and their first-degree relatives

“…Monkey's esophagus is ethically questionable for large scale screening (71) . The endomysial antibody has been found to have a greater specificity and sensitivity (15,33) . Some authors stated that it has never been found in healthy controls or in other gastrointestinal diseases, including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease (33,36) .…”

“…Antibodies directed against smooth muscle fibers in the muscularis mucosae from primates (antiendomysial antibody -EmA IgA) have been described by CHORZELSKI et al (15) and are closely related to the reticulin antibody (ARA) described by SEAH et al (60) in 1971. In 1995, VOLTA et al (71) , using human umbilical cord instead of monkey's esophagus as substrate, showed the same specificity and sensitivity of EmA IgA in both techniques.…”

A comparison of 13 guinea pig and human anti-tissue transglutaminase antibody ELISA kits

“…[1][2][3] The IgA EMA indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) assay has, in subjects with untreated CD, a sensitivity of 84-100% and a specificity of 94-100%, which is superior to the IgA anti-reticulin IIF assay and IgA/IgG antigliadin antibody enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). 2 "The use of human tissue transglutaminase has been reported to be associated with fewer false negative and false positive results, and an overall performance closely comparable or equal to the "gold standard" IgA anti-endomysial antibody indirect immunofluorescence assay" Since Dieterich et al described tissue tranglutaminase (tTG), an 82-85 kDa ubiquitous enzyme, as the major autoantigen target of IgA EMA, 4 over 30 publications have appeared using this protein as the basis for an alternative assay to the IgA EMA IIF assay.…”

Diagnosis of Celiac Disease

“…33 Endomysial antibodies: Endomysial antibodies (EMA) have been available for diagnosis of CD for almost 30 years. 40 The antibodies could be measured using an indirect immunofluorescence technique using monkey esophagus, human jejunum, or human umbilical cord as substrate. 414243 The target antigen is tissue transglutaminase.…”