Identifying release-related precursors to suicide among Canadian Veterans between 1976 and 2012

VanTil, Linda; SimkusKristen,; Rolland-HarrisElizabeth,; HeberAlexandra,

doi:10.3138/jmvfh-2020-0011

Cited by 7 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Most veteran suicides occurred many years after leaving service, longer in women than men, consistent with the findings of a recent Canadian study. 19 The pattern of methods of suicide in veterans reflects that in the wider community.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suicide among Scottish military veterans: follow-up and trends

2021

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ObjectivesThe risk of suicide among UK military veterans remains unclear. Few recent studies have been undertaken, and most studies found no clear evidence of increased risk. We used data from the Trends in Scottish Veterans Health cohort to investigate suicides up to 2017 in order to examine whether there have been any changes in the long-term pattern of veteran suicides since our earlier study to 2012, and to compare trends in the risk of suicide among veterans with matched non-veterans.MethodRetrospective cohort study of 78 000 veterans and 253 000 non-veterans born between 1945 and 1995, matched for age, sex and area of residence, using survival analysis to examine the risk of suicide in veterans in comparison with non-veterans overall and by subgroup, and to investigate associations with specific mental health conditions.ResultsUp to 37 years of follow-up, 388 (0.5%) veterans and 1531 (0.6%) non-veterans died from suicide. The risk of suicide among veterans did not differ from non-veterans overall. Increased risk among early service leavers was explained by differences in deprivation, and the previously reported increased risk in female veterans is now confined to older women. Suicide was most common in the fifth decade of life, and around 20 years postservice. A history of mood disorder or post-traumatic stress disorder was non-significantly more common in veterans.ConclusionsVeterans are not at increased risk of suicide overall. The highest risk for both men and women is in middle age, many years after leaving service.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suicide among Scottish military veterans: follow-up and trends

2021

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“…Included studies used a range of study designs; the majority were cohort studies (n=23) 18,19,32,36–38,53–69 and the remaining papers utilised a retrospective cohort study design (n=5) 15,28,70–72 (Table 1) . Of the 28 papers included in the review, the majority were from Canada (n=13) 55–58,61–63,66–68,71,72 and the UK (n=10) 15,18,19,28,53,54,64,65,69,70 . The rest of the papers were from Australia (n=5) 32,37,38,59,60 , but none of the included papers were from New Zealand.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk and Protective Factors for Self-Harm and Suicide Behaviours among Serving and Ex-Serving Personnel of the UK Armed Forces, Canadian Armed Forces, Australian Defence Force and New Zealand Defence Force: A Systematic Review

Williamson,

Croak,

Simms

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background Self-harm and suicide behaviours are a major public health concern. Several factors are associated with these behaviours among military communities. Identifying these factors may have important implications for policy and clinical services. Aims To review the risk and protective factors associated with self-harm and suicide behaviours among serving and ex-serving personnel of the United Kingdom Armed Forces, Canadian Armed Forces, Australian Defence Force and New Zealand Defence Force. Method A systematic search of seven online databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Global Health, PsycINFO, PTSDpubs and CINAHL) was conducted alongside cross-referencing, in October 2022. Following an a priori PROSPERO approved protocol (CRD42022348867), papers were independently screened and assessed for quality. Data were synthesised using a narrative approach. Results Overall, 28 papers were included: 13 from Canada, 10 from the United Kingdom, five from Australia and none from New Zealand. Identified risk factors included being single/ex-relationship, early service leavers, shorter length of service, junior ranks, exposure to deployment-related traumatic events, physical and mental health diagnoses, and experience of childhood adversity. Protective included being married/in a relationship, higher educational attainment, employment, senior ranks, and higher levels of perceived social support. Conclusions Adequate care and support are a necessity for the military community. Prevention and intervention strategies for self-harm and suicide behaviours should promote social networks as a key source of support. More peer reviewed research is needed, particularly among the New Zealand Defence Force and regarding modifiable risk and protective factors.

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“…This cut-off date meant that at least three possibly pertinent studies published in 2021 before this literature review was accepted for publication were not reviewed. [87][88][89]…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Women Veterans of the Canadian Armed Forces and Royal Canadian Mounted Police: A scoping review

Nichole

2021

Journal of Military, Veteran and Family Health

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Lay Summary This literature review summarizes the available information about women Veterans of the Canadian Armed Forces and Royal Canadian Mounted Police, points out gaps in the literature, and suggests ways to improve research about this population. The literature reviewed mainly addressed demographics, women Veterans’ physical and mental health issues, income, and financial security, being a woman in the workplace, Veterans Affairs Canada program and service use, and military-to-civilian transition. Even though this review of 83 articles uncovered many issues faced by women Veterans in Canada, much more information is available about men compared with women Veterans, and more research on women Veterans is needed. With the research that is available, it is still difficult to understand the experiences of Canadian women Veterans, know whether their needs are being met, and figure out which issues are specific to them.

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Identifying release-related precursors to suicide among Canadian Veterans between 1976 and 2012

Cited by 7 publications

References 10 publications

Suicide among Scottish military veterans: follow-up and trends

Suicide among Scottish military veterans: follow-up and trends

Risk and Protective Factors for Self-Harm and Suicide Behaviours among Serving and Ex-Serving Personnel of the UK Armed Forces, Canadian Armed Forces, Australian Defence Force and New Zealand Defence Force: A Systematic Review

Women Veterans of the Canadian Armed Forces and Royal Canadian Mounted Police: A scoping review

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