Identifying behavior of long-distance virus transmission and mitigation performance from a COVID-19 outbreak of a daycare center

Kim, Chul; Yu, Jungyeon; Lee, Yun Gyu; Kim, Jieun; Bae, Sanghwan

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2022.113318

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…As shown in Figure 1, the evolution of the pandemic had 3 waves, and now it is very worrying that this could be the beginning of another wave. One explanation is the emergence of new virus variants that are insensitive to the actual vaccines [24,[51][52][53][54][55][56]. And Zubieta-Calleja and Zubieta-DeUrioste hypothesized 16 possible reasons that could explain the lower incidence of SARS-CoV-2 [57].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Actual Situation of Covid-19 Infection at High Altitudes in Perú

Garmendia-Lorena¹

2022

OBM Genet

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This study aimed to reveal the evolution and characteristics of the COVID-19 pandemic in high-altitude areas of Perú. An observational, descriptive, retrospective and longitudinal study based on information from the Peruvian Ministry of Health, COVID-19 Situational Room, warning from the National Epidemiology Center, Prevention and Disease Control, and the Panamerican Health Organization (PAHO) was conducted to analyze the occurrence of the COVID-19 pandemic in Perú from the beginning of the pandemic until March 7, 2022. In this period, 31,635,319 people were examined, 3,637,529 were infected, and 213,551 died from the disease, with a lethality index of 5.87%. Perú is now the country most affected by the pandemic in South America. The data showed heterogeneity in prevalence across the country, with higher altitudes having lower prevalence than coastal and jungle areas, which was related to climatic circumstances and social factors. The situation was complicated by the severe spread of the pandemia, which caused a surge in demand for health services and intensive care units, loss of workplaces and increased levels of poverty. A notable result was a decrease in the prevalence and mortality of the COVID-19 pandemic at high altitudes in Perú compared to the coastal and jungle areas.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Actual Situation of Covid-19 Infection at High Altitudes in Perú

Garmendia-Lorena¹

2022

OBM Genet

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“…The adjusted odds ratios for the common cold, ear infection, and pneumonia in daycare centers relative to home care settings were 1.98, 2.34, and 1.79, respectively [ 3 ]. Moreover, the reported annual influenza attack rates for children (from 24% in 2016 to 47% in 2017) [ 4 ] were higher than the attack rates of SARS-CoV-2 (18.7%) [ 5 ]. Accordingly, studying the profiles of airborne influenza viruses in indoor environments, particularly in daycare centers, is crucial.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Airborne Influenza Virus in Daycare Centers

Zhang,

Wang,

Lee

et al. 2024

Viruses

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In this study, we investigated the concentration of airborne influenza virus in daycare centers and influencing factors, such as common cold prevalence, air pollutants, and meteorological factors. A total of 209 air samples were collected from daycare centers in Kaohsiung and the influenza virus was analyzed using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Air pollutants and metrological factors were measured using real-time monitoring equipment. Winter had the highest positive rates of airborne influenza virus and the highest prevalence of the common cold, followed by summer and autumn. The concentration of CO was significantly positively correlated with airborne influenza virus. Daycare center A, with natural ventilation and air condition systems, had a higher concentration of airborne influenza A virus, airborne fungi, and airborne bacteria, as well as a higher prevalence of the common cold, than daycare center B, with a mechanical ventilation system and air purifiers, while the concentrations of CO2, CO, and UFPs in daycare center A were lower than those in daycare center B. We successfully detected airborne influenza virus in daycare centers, demonstrating that aerosol sampling for influenza can provide novel epidemiological insights and inform the management of influenza in daycare centers.

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“…In most cases, however, it is left to the users to determine how to position and operate the air purifiers according to their specific demands. Studies [5][6][7][8][9] reveal that the positioning of air purifiers may have a significant effect on their efficacy due to the interactions between the air jets from air purifiers and the background ventilation airflow in the room. An experimental measurement by Na et al [5] in a classroom showed that an improperly placed air purifier can increase the PM concentration by 278% in localised regions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Portable Air Purifiers’ Predicted Efficacy in Mitigating Airborne Pathogen Transmission in an Office Room Featuring Mixing Ventilation

Li,

Patel,

Cole

2023

Fluids

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Portable air purifiers have been extensively used to improve indoor air quality and mitigate the transmission of airborne diseases. However, the efficacy of mitigation is strongly affected by the interactions between jet flows of processed air from the air purifiers and the background airflows driven by the ventilation system. Critical factors in this context include the position and capacity of air purifiers and the ventilation rate of the heating ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) system. These factors are investigated in this study via computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations and the infection probability for different scenarios is quantified using the latest airborne infection predictive model incorporating recent pathological and clinical data for SARS-CoV-2. The results show that the use of air purifiers can significantly reduce the concentration of particulate matter, thus contributing to a generally lower risk of airborne transmission. However, the position of air purifiers affects their overall efficacy remarkably. Comparatively, a central HVAC system is more efficient at removing airborne particles under an equivalent ventilation rate assuming it uses a mixing ventilation scheme.

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Identifying behavior of long-distance virus transmission and mitigation performance from a COVID-19 outbreak of a daycare center

Cited by 5 publications

References 31 publications

The Actual Situation of Covid-19 Infection at High Altitudes in Perú

The Actual Situation of Covid-19 Infection at High Altitudes in Perú

Airborne Influenza Virus in Daycare Centers

Portable Air Purifiers’ Predicted Efficacy in Mitigating Airborne Pathogen Transmission in an Office Room Featuring Mixing Ventilation

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