Identification of risk factors for suffering fear of hypoglycemia in type 1 Diabetes Mellitus patients

Anarte, María Teresa; Carreira, Mónica; Machado, Alberto; Domínguez, Miguel; Tapia, María José; Valdés, Sergio; Adana, María Soledad Ruiz de; Soriguer, Federico

doi:10.1111/sjop.12158

Cited by 20 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…The reasons for this result may be as follows: first, the outcome indicator of the study (i.e., FH) is unstable and susceptible to the surrounding environment [23]. Second, the psychological condition can be affected by behavioral factors to some extent [[25], [26], [27]]. At the time of retesting, the patient was basically discharged from the hospital.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the new fear of hypoglycemia scale: FH-15

Liu

Xiong

Sang

et al. 2018

International Journal of Nursing Sciences

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Objective This study aimed to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Fear of Hypoglycemia scale with 15 items (FH-15). Methods After obtaining the original author's authorization, the English version of the FH-15 scale was translated, back translated, and culturally debugged to obtain the Chinese version of FH-15. A convenient sampling method was used to extract patients with type 2 diabetes from four tertiary hospitals in Tianjin. A total of 408 patients with type 2 diabetes were investigated in the hospital to test the reliability and validity of Chinese version FH-15 scale. Results The content validity index of the scale was 0.92, and the content validity index of each item was 0.8–1.0. The exploratory factor analysis extracted three common factors (fear, avoidance, and interference), which contained 15 items, and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 71.245%. The confirmatory factor analysis results showed that the model fit was better at 1.981 χ 2 / df , GFI = 0.901, CGI = 0.962, TLI = 0.952, and RMSEA = 0.070. The cut-off value for the total hypoglycemia fear scale was 30.5. The Cronbach's α coefficient of the three dimensions of the scale was 0.918, the Cronbach's α coefficient of each dimension is 0.876–0.916, the test–retest reliability was 0.903, and the test–retest reliability of each factor was 0.733–0.930. Conclusion The Chinese version of the FH-15 scale can be considered reliable and valid. The item expression is concise, clear, and easy to understand. It is suitable for clinical practice as an initial screening tool to identify and evaluate the severity of fear of hypoglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The FH-15 scale can help clinicians rapidly and accurately identify FH and its severity. Subsequently, the scale was applied in the country for investigations and retrospective studies, which are simple and effective tools for evaluating FH in diabetic patients [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the new fear of hypoglycemia scale: FH-15

Liu

Xiong

Sang

et al. 2018

International Journal of Nursing Sciences

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“…Patients' experiences related to hypoglycaemia, affect their quality of life and influence therapeutic decisions. Fear of hypoglycaemia is an extremely serious problem [36]. This fear is experienced by patients, their families, caregivers, as well as diabetologists.…”

Section: Consequences Of Hypoglycaemia Unawarenessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypoglycaemia unawareness in patients with type 1 diabetes

Szadkowska

Czyżewska

Pietrzak

et al. 2018

pedm

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Hypoglycaemia unawareness, defined at the onset of neuroglycopenia before the appearance of autonomic warning symptoms, is a serious problem in type 1 diabetes mellitus. It is often caused by recurrent or severe hypoglycaemia, which leads to the failure of the autonomic nervous system (hypoglycaemia-associated autonomic failure -HAAF). The hypoglycaemia awareness can be restored by avoiding episodes of hypoglycaemia. Management of hypoglycaemia unawareness is complex, and can only be achieved by a multifactorial intervention of clinical care and structured patient education. In patients in whom functional intensive insulin therapy with insulin analogue, continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion using insulin pumps are ineffective in the prevention of hypoglycaemia the implementation of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) is advisable. CGM systems equipped with low glucose alarms and prediction alarms not only significantly reduce the risk of severe hypoglycaemia, but also significantly reduce the fear of hypoglycaemia and improve the quality of life of patients and their families. The insulin pumps integrated with CGM automatically suspending insulin infusion when glucose is predicted to soon be low (PLGS) should be preferred in patient with hypoglycaemia unawareness. Hypoglycaemia management is complex and should also include structural education. Particular attention should be paid to the management of hypoglycaemia and appropriate use of modern therapy. The hypoglycaemia unawareness is very common among children under the age of 6 years who are unable to observe the early symptoms of hypoglycaemia by themselves. This induces a high risk of frequent and severe hypoglycaemia, which can lead to structural changes in the brain, cognitive dysfunctions, poor mental abilities and behavioral disorders later in life. Słowa kluczowe: type 1 diabetes, hypoglycaemia unawareness, continuous glucose monitoring, insulin pump. StreszczenieNieświadomość hipoglikemii, definiowana jako brak możliwości rozpoznania objawów hipoglikemii przez pacjenta, stanowi istotny problem kliniczny wśród chorych na cukrzycę typu 1. Najczęściej jest spowodowana nawracającymi niedocukrzeniami, które prowadzą do wystąpienia niewydolności autonomicznego układu nerwowego związanej z hipoglikemią (hypoglycaemia-associated autonomic failure -HAAF). Unikanie hipoglikemii może przywrócić zdolność do jej odczuwania. U pacjentów, u których zastosowanie funkcjonalnej intensywnej insulinoterapii z użyciem insulin analogowych oraz ciągłego podskórnego wlewu insuliny za pomocą pomp insulinowych jest nieskuteczne, wskazane jest wdrożenie ciągłego monitorowania glikemii. Systemy ciągłego monitorowania wyposażone w alarmy niskich glikemii i alarmy predykcyjne nie tylko znacznie redukują ryzyko wystąpienia ciężkich hipoglikemii, lecz także istotnie zmniejszają lęk przed hipoglikemią oraz poprawiają jakość życia zarówno pacjentów, jak i ich rodzin. Pompy insulinowe połączone z ciągłym monitorowaniem glikemii (continuous glucose monitoring -CGM), automatycznie wstrz...

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“…Again, FoH was greater among women than men . A similar survey of 229 people with T1D showed FoH again occurred to a greater extent among women than men, particularly with hypoglycemia unawareness, with greater FoH among those performing more frequent home glucose monitoring and among those not having support from friends, healthcare providers, or at their workplace . Another survey, of 288 Dutch people with T1D, showed FoH to be associated with depressive symptoms as well as with a prior history of hypoglycemia …”

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confidence: 97%

Fear of hypoglycemia

Bloomgarden

2016

Journal of Diabetes

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Identification of risk factors for suffering fear of hypoglycemia in type 1 Diabetes Mellitus patients

Cited by 20 publications

References 7 publications

Reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the new fear of hypoglycemia scale: FH-15

Reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the new fear of hypoglycemia scale: FH-15

Hypoglycaemia unawareness in patients with type 1 diabetes

Fear of hypoglycemia

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