Identification of Genes Involved with Tick Infestation in &lt;i&gt;Bos taurus&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Bos indicus&lt;/i&gt;

Kongsuwan, Kritaya; Piper, E.K.; Bagnall, Neil H.; Ryan, Karon; Moolhuijzen, Paula; Bellgard, M.; Lew, Ala E.; Jackson, Lydgia A.; Jonsson, Nicholas N.

doi:10.1159/000317146

Cited by 13 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…Most of these studies were performed using skin biopsies from the infestation site (Wang et al, 2007;Kongsuwan et al, 2008;Bagnall et al, 2009;Nascimento et al, 2010;Piper et al, 2008Piper et al, , 2010, and thus far, only one study has evaluated the peripheral blood gene expression in bovine (Piper et al, 2009). The lack of available samples before the artificial infestation, however, has limited understanding of the response process to the tick.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of immune response genes in peripheral blood of cattle infested with Rhipicephalus microplus

Domingues¹,

Wohlres-Viana²,

Reis³

et al. 2014

Genet. Mol. Res.

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ABSTRACT. The bovine tick Rhipicephalus microplus is responsible for severe economic losses in tropical cattle production. Bos indicus breeds are more resistant to tick infestations than are Bos taurus breeds, and the understanding of the physiological mechanisms involved in this difference is important for the development of new methods of parasite control. We evaluated differences in the transcript expression of genes related to the immune response in the peripheral blood of cattle previously characterized as resistant or susceptible to tick infestation. Crossbreed F2 Gir x Holstein animals (resistant, N = 6; susceptible, N = 6) were artificially submitted to tick infestation. Blood samples were collected at 0, 24, and 48 h after tick infestation and evaluated for transcript expression of the CD25, CXCL8, CXCL10, FoxP3, interleukin (IL)-10, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) genes. Gene expression of CD25 (6.00, P < 0.01), IL-10 (31.62, P < 0.01), FoxP3 (35.48, P < 0.01), and CXCL10 (3.38, P < 0.05) was altered in the resistant group at 48 h compared with samples collected before infestation. In the susceptible group, CXCL8 (-2.02, P < 0.05) and CXCL10 (2.20, P < 0.05) showed altered expression 24 h after infestation. CXCL8 (-5.78, P < 0.05) also showed altered expression at 48 h after infestation when compared with samples collected before infestation. We detected a correlation between T γδ cell activity and the immunological mechanisms that result in a higher resistance to R. microplus in cattle.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of immune response genes in peripheral blood of cattle infested with Rhipicephalus microplus

Domingues¹,

Wohlres-Viana²,

Reis³

et al. 2014

Genet. Mol. Res.

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“…To investigate if a relationship exists between Ca 2+ signalling and host resistance to cattle tick, we examined mRNA expression of 14 Ca 2+ signalling and Ca 2+ binding protein genes in skin samples taken from cattle with known high (HR) and low (LR) resistance to ticks. The genes selected for this study and their functions are listed in Table 1 and include many signal transducers and regulators of intracellular [Ca 2+ ] (Figure 1) as well as Ca 2+ binding protein genes previously identified to be differentially expressed in the studies comparing B. indicus and B. taurus breeds (3,5). We also included the Ca 2+ dependent cytokine, IL2, in this analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These studies identified many transcriptome changes with significant differentially expressed genes mapped to several biological pathways. Among those genes up-regulated in high resistant hosts were several involved in intracellular Ca 2+ signalling, including EF-hand domains, and Ca 2+ binding protein genes such as sorcin, reticulocalbin and Ca 2+ -calmodulin-dependent kinase (3).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite overwhelming evidence that variation in host response to cattle tick has a genetic basis, the mechanisms by which resistant cattle prevent heavy infestation are largely unknown. Global gene transcription profiles have been examined in cattle with contrasting resistance phenotypes following their infestation with ticks and genes with potential importance to tick resistance have been identified (3,4). These studies identified many transcriptome changes with significant differentially expressed genes mapped to several biological pathways.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Expression of intracellular calcium signalling genes in cattle skin during tick infestation

Bagnall¹,

Gough²,

Cadogan³

et al. 2009

Parasite Immunology

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It is widely acknowledged that changes in intracellular calcium ion (Ca(2+)) concentration provide dynamic signals that control a plethora of cellular processes, including triggering and mediating host defence mechanisms. In this study, quantitative real-time PCR was used to analyse gene expression of 14 Ca(2+) signalling proteins in skin obtained from high tick-resistant (HR) and low tick-resistant (LR) cattle following artificial challenge with cattle tick (Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus). Up-regulation of numerous genes was observed in both HR and LR skin following tick challenge, however substantially higher transcription activation was found in HR tissue. The elevated expression in HR skin of specific Ca(2+) signalling genes such as AHNAK, CASQ, IL2, NFAT2CIP and PLCG1 may be related to host resistance. Our data suggest that Ca(2+) and its associated proteins might play an important role in host response to ticks and that further investigation is warranted.

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“…In summary, many molecules have been cited as inhibitors of tick-host homeostasis, but few studies correlate how different bovine phenotypes of infestation acts to neutralize the effect of tick saliva (Carvalho et al, 2008; Kashino et al, 2005; Kongsuwan et al, 2008; Bagnall et al, 2009). Our study of local responses to tick bites involving haemostasis and inflammation and our comparative study of gene expression profiles from ticks fed on susceptible or resistant bovine hosts point both to a bona fide role for the actions of tick anti-haemostatic salivary molecules in vivo and provides information to help explain the mechanisms of resistance against ticks seen in this useful bovine model.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus: Clotting time in tick-infested skin varies according to local inflammation and gene expression patterns in tick salivary glands

Carvalho

Maruyama

Franzin

et al. 2010

Experimental Parasitology

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Ticks deposit saliva at the site of their attachment to a host in order to inhibit haemostasis, inflammation and innate and adaptive immune responses. The anti-haemostatic properties of tick saliva have been described by many studies, but few show that tick infestations or its anti-haemostatic components exert systemic effects in vivo. In the present study, we extended these observations and show that, compared with normal skin, bovine hosts that are genetically susceptible to tick infestations present an increase in the clotting time of blood collected from the immediate vicinity of haemorrhagic feeding pools in skin infested with different developmental stages of Rhipicepahlus microplus; conversely, we determined that clotting time of tick-infested skin from genetically resistant bovines was shorter than that of normal skin. Coagulation and inflammation have many components in common and we determined that in resistant bovines, eosinophils and basophils, which are known to contain tissue factor, are recruited in greater numbers to the inflammatory site of tick bites than in susceptible hosts. Finally, we correlated the observed differences in clotting times with the expression profiles of transcripts for putative anti-haemostatic proteins in different developmental stages of R. microplus fed on genetically susceptible and resistant hosts: we determined that transcripts coding for proteins similar to these molecules are overrepresented in salivary glands from nymphs and males fed on susceptible bovines. Our data indicate that ticks are able to modulate their host's local haemostatic reactions. In the resistant phenotype, larger amounts of inflammatory cells are recruited and expression of anti-coagulant molecules is decreased tick salivary glands, features that can hamper the tick's blood meal.

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Identification of Genes Involved with Tick Infestation in <i>Bos taurus</i> and <i>Bos indicus</i>

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

Expression of immune response genes in peripheral blood of cattle infested with Rhipicephalus microplus

Expression of immune response genes in peripheral blood of cattle infested with Rhipicephalus microplus

Expression of intracellular calcium signalling genes in cattle skin during tick infestation

Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus: Clotting time in tick-infested skin varies according to local inflammation and gene expression patterns in tick salivary glands

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