Identification of Cardiometabolic Risk: Visceral Adiposity Index Versus Triglyceride/HDL Cholesterol Ratio

Salazar, Martín R.; Carbajal, Horacio A; Espeche, Walter G; Aizpurúa, Marcelo; Maciel, Pablo M.; Reaven, Gerald M.

doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2013.10.012

Cited by 77 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…These results are not in accord with the present findings of the ATTICA study, potentially due to significant differences in the ethnicity and in the age range of the studied cohorts [28,29], especially since as aforementioned VAI is modeled based on a cohort of Caucasian adults [Caucasian (Italian/Mediterranean) men and women…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

“…Additionally, data from a long-term study in Buenos Aires (Argentina) showed that VAI was not able to recognize subjects at high CVD risk compared to the TG/HDL ratio [29]. These results are not in accord with the present findings of the ATTICA study, potentially due to significant differences in the ethnicity and in the age range of the studied cohorts [28,29], especially since as aforementioned VAI is modeled based on a cohort of Caucasian adults [Caucasian (Italian/Mediterranean) men and women…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, so far there are limited data from prospective studies exploring VAI as an indicator of long-term CVD risk. It should be also highlighted that, the VAI was modeled and validated on a Caucasian (Italian/Mediterranean) population of adults from the city of Alcamo in Western Sicily, whereas currently existing data on the long-term association between VAI and CVD are mostly from population-based studies conducted in Asia and South America [28,29]. Indeed, a 9-year follow-up in the context of the Tehran lipid and glucose study demonstrated that the VAI was associated with multivariate-adjusted, increased risk of incident CVD among women [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Visceral adiposity index and 10-year cardiovascular disease incidence: The ATTICA study

Kouli

Panagiotakos

Kyrou

et al. 2017

Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases

143

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Background/Aims: Visceral adiposity index (VAI) has been proposed as a marker of visceral adipose tissue accumulation/dysfunction. Our aim was to evaluate potential associations between the VAI and the 10-year cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence. Methods and Results: During 2001During -2002 Greek adults (1514 men; age: ≥ 18 years) without previous CVD were recruited into the ATTICA study, whilst the 10-year study follow-up was performed in 2011-2012, recording the fatal/nonfatal CVD incidence in 2020 (1010 men) participants. The baseline VAI scores for these participants were calculated based on anthropometric and lipid variables, while VAI tertiles were extracted for further analyses. During the study follow-up a total of 317 CVD events (15.7%) were observed. At baseline, the participants' age and the prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia and metabolic syndrome increased significantly across the VAI tertiles. After adjusting for multiple confounders, VAI exhibited a significantly independent positive association with the 10-year CVD incidence (OR= 1.05, 95%CI: 1.01, 1.10), whereas the association of the body mass index (HR= 1.03, 95%CI: 0.99, 1.08), or the waist circumference (HR= 1.01, 95%CI: 0.99, 1.02) was less prominent. Sex-specific analysis further showed that VAI remained significantly predictive of CVD in men alone (HR= 1.06, 95%CI: 1.00, 1.11) but not in women (HR= 1.06, 95%CI: 0.96, 1.10). Conclusions:Our findings show for the first time in a large-sample, long-term, prospective study in Europe that the VAI is independently associated with elevated 10-year CVD risk, particularly in men. This suggests that the VAI may be utilized as an additional indicator of long-term CVD risk for Caucasian/Mediterranean men without previous CVD.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Visceral adiposity index and 10-year cardiovascular disease incidence: The ATTICA study

Kouli

Panagiotakos

Kyrou

et al. 2017

Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases

143

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“…Cardio-metabolic risk describes a clustering of risk factors that increase risk of CVD, including hyperglycaemia, dyslipidaemia, hypertension and vascular dysfunction. These factors are closely associated with insulin resistance and the accumulation of visceral and ectopic fat in the liver (4)(5)(6) . Visceral fat, as opposed to more superficially located subcutaneous fat, is located centrally in the abdomen around internal organs, and characterised by larger, hypertrophic adipocytes which express a relative lack of insulin sensitivity and an inflammatory phenotype.…”

Section: Proceedings Of the Nutrition Societymentioning

confidence: 99%

Relevance of liver fat to the impact of dietary extrinsic sugars on lipid metabolism

Griffin

2015

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

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In contrast to the decline in mortality from many non-infectious, chronic diseases in the UK, death from liver disease has increased exponentially in men and women over the past 40 years. This is primarily because of the over consumption of alcohol, but also the increased prevalence of obesity, which is linked to early pathology through the accumulation of liver fat. Supra-physiological intakes of fructose-containing sugar can produce acute, adverse effects on lipid metabolism, and deliver excess energy that increases bodyweight and the deposition of fat in sites other than adipose tissue, including the liver. This review addresses the variable metabolic origins of liver fat, and the key importance of postprandial lipid metabolism in this respect. The effects of supra-physiological intakes of sugar are also considered in context of the real world and established threshold for the adverse effects of sugar on cardio-metabolic risk factors. The review concludes that while the average intake of sugar in the UK falls well below this critical threshold, intakes in subgroups of adults, and especially adolescents, may be cause for concern. There is also evidence to suggest that raised liver fat, acquired, in part, through an impaired removal of postprandial lipaemia, can increase sensitivity to the adverse effects of sugar at all ages.

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“…We were very interested in the study by Salazar et al 1 titled "Identification of Cardiometabolic Risk: Visceral Adiposity Index Versus Triglyceride/HDL Cholesterol Ratio," which was published in The American Journal of Medicine. The authors demonstrated that the triglyceride (TG)/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio is not inferior to the visceral adiposity index for the identification of cardiovascular events.…”

Section: Usefulness Of the Visceral Adiposity Index In Different Popumentioning

confidence: 99%

Usefulness of the Visceral Adiposity Index in Different Populations

Peng

Chen

Kao

2015

The American Journal of Medicine

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Identification of Cardiometabolic Risk: Visceral Adiposity Index Versus Triglyceride/HDL Cholesterol Ratio

Cited by 77 publications

References 16 publications

Visceral adiposity index and 10-year cardiovascular disease incidence: The ATTICA study

Visceral adiposity index and 10-year cardiovascular disease incidence: The ATTICA study

Relevance of liver fat to the impact of dietary extrinsic sugars on lipid metabolism

Usefulness of the Visceral Adiposity Index in Different Populations

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