Identification of a novel variant of human hepatitis E virus in Hungary

Reuter, Gábor; Fodor, Domonka; Kátai, Andrea; Szücs, György

doi:10.1016/j.jcv.2006.01.016

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Infection in pigs can be symptomatic [59][60][61] but most often infections remain clinically undetected [47,[62][63][64][65]. Close relatedness has been found between HEV gt3 nucleotide sequences from pigs and wild boar and those from human cases [6,32,41,51,60,61,63,64,[66][67][68][69][70][71]. HEV carried by a human case in the UK had 100 % aminoacid sequence homology to a UK pig HEV sequence but no transmission link between them could be defined [72].…”

Section: Potential For Zoonotic Transmission By Direct Animal Contactmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission routes and risk factors for autochthonous hepatitis E virus infection in Europe: a systematic review

2009

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SUMMARYIncreasing numbers of non-travel-associated hepatitis E virus (HEV) infections have been reported in Europe in recent years. Our objective was to review the evidence on risk factors and transmission routes of autochthonous HEV infection and hepatitis E in Europe in order to develop recommendations for future research, prevention and control. A systematic literature review was performed to identify all primary reports and studies published during 1998-2008 on hepatitis E in humans and animals in Europe by searching Pubmed, reference lists of major articles and international conference proceedings. Each of the 106 included studies was categorized into one of three evidence levels (EL) based on study design and diagnostic methodology. The evidence was generally weak (73 were assigned to EL1, two to both EL1 and EL2, and 30 to EL2), further compounded by the use of poorly validated serological assays in some studies. Only one casecontrol study was assigned to EL3. Persons with autochthonous hepatitis E infection were on average older than the general population and predominantly male. There was no evidence for one main transmission route of HEV infection or risk factor for hepatitis E. However, zoonotic transmission seemed likely and person-to-person transmission too inefficient to cause clinical disease. Multiple routes of transmission probably exist and should be further investigated through analytical studies and reliable diagnostic kits. Based on current evidence that points to zoonotic transmission from pigs, thorough cooking of all porcine products, prevention of crosscontamination in the kitchen and improved education for occupationally exposed people (e.g. pig farmers, veterinarians and sewage workers) may help prevent HEV infection. Although evidence for parenteral transmission is limited, it is recommended that a risk assessment is undertaken.

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Section: Potential For Zoonotic Transmission By Direct Animal Contactmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission routes and risk factors for autochthonous hepatitis E virus infection in Europe: a systematic review

2009

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“…By contrast, locally acquired (non-imported) sporadic infections with genotypes 3 and 4 have been described in industrialized countries. 12,13 This study described the detection and molecular epidemiology of HEV in humans, domestic and wild animals in Hungary. Genotype 3 HEV is endemic in Hungary and domestic pigs are considered as principal reservoir.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and zoonotic potential of endemic hepatitis E virus (HEV) strains in humans and animals in Hungary

Reuter

Fodor

Forgách

et al. 2009

Journal of Clinical Virology

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122

119

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“…Hygienic practices may play an important role in determining the higher level of contamination and, therefore, the probability of infection. Consumption of pork sausages prepared from house-slaughtered meat was the suspected cause of a case observed in Hungary in a 60-year-old man (Reuter et al 2006).…”

Section: Virus Isolation In Cell Culturesmentioning

confidence: 99%