Identification of a karst system’s intrinsic hydrodynamic parameters: upscaling from single springs to the whole aquifer

Hartmann, Andreas; Králík, Martin; Humer, Franko; Lange, Jens; Weiler, Markus

doi:10.1007/s12665-011-1033-9

Cited by 48 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…These high values may be explained by structural errors of the model that result in unrealistic calibrated parameter values, in particular possible parameter interactions between their storage capacities and storage coefficients. Since the soil and the vegetation controls the fraction of rain that is lost to evapotranspiration, this high calibrated value might be due to tree roots ranging through the soil into the epikarst (Heilman et al, 2012) or rock debris (Hartmann et al, 2012a). Similar to the epikarst storage constant, the conduit storage constant, K C , is, with its value of 1.1 days, in the range of previous modelling studies (Fleury et al, 2007;Hartmann et al, 2013a).…”

Section: Reliability Of Calibrated Parameters and Model Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…1). We obtained the discharge of the entire system with a simple topography-based up-scaling procedure that is described in more detail in Hartmann et al (2012a). Irregular (weekly to monthly) observations of DOC, DIN and SO 2− 4 concentrations are available for precipitation and at weir 1.…”

Section: Available Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Preceding studies showed that weir 1 (Fig. 1) receives its discharge partially from the epikarst and partially from the groundwater, reaching it partially as concentrated and partially as diffuse flow (Hartmann et al, 2012a). Consequently we derive its …”

Section: Model Hydrodynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Model-aided quantification of dissolved carbon and nitrogen release after windthrow disturbance in an Austrian karst system

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Karst systems are important for drinking water supply. Future climate projections indicate increasing temperature and a higher frequency of strong weather events. Both will influence the availability and quality of water provided from karst regions. Forest disturbances such as windthrow can disrupt ecosystem cycles and cause pronounced nutrient losses from the ecosystems. In this study, we consider the time period before and after the wind disturbance period (2007/08) to identify impacts on DIN (dissolved inorganic nitrogen) and DOC (dissolved organic carbon) with a process-based flow and solute transport simulation model. When calibrated and validated before the disturbance, the model disregards the forest disturbance and its consequences on DIN and DOC production and leaching. It can therefore be used as a baseline for the undisturbed system and as a tool for the quantification of additional nutrient production. Our results indicate that the forest disturbance by windthrow results in a significant increase of DIN production lasting ∼ 3.7 years and exceeding the pre-disturbance average by 2.7 kg ha −1 a −1 corresponding to an increase of 53 %. There were no significant changes in DOC concentrations. With simulated transit time distributions we show that the impact on DIN travels through the hydrological system within some months. However, a small fraction of the system outflow (< 5 %) exceeds mean transit times of > 1 year.

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Section: Reliability Of Calibrated Parameters and Model Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Available Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Model-aided quantification of dissolved carbon and nitrogen release after windthrow disturbance in an Austrian karst system

et al. 2016

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“…A value of k DEEP = 1.10 -4 day -1 was fixed since recession of karstic springs found in the literature ranged generally between 1.10 -2 and 1.10 -3 day -1 (e.g. Rimmer and Salingar, 2006;Fleury et al, 2007;Trizt et al, 2011;Hartmann et al, 2012a A warm-up period is often used to limit the influence of parameter initialization on model performances. But this kind of approach needs a sufficiently long data set that it is not always possible.…”

Section: Parameterization and Calibration Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rimmer and Salingar, 2006;Fleury et al,2007b;Nikolaïdis et al, 2013;Tritz et al, 2011). Furthermore, such conceptual models were improved to simulate solute transport using mixing equations (Charlier et al, 2012;Hartmann, 2012a), showing the ability of lumped approaches to simulate water and mass balances as well as the fluxes dynamics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into saline intrusion and freshwater resources in coastal karstic aquifers using a lumped Rainfall–Discharge–Salinity model (the Port-Miou brackish spring, SE France)

Arfib

Charlier²

2016

Journal of Hydrology

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. Insights into saline intrusion and freshwater resources in coastal karstic aquifers using a lumped Rainfall-Discharge-Salinity model (the Port-Miou brackish spring, SE France). Journal of Hydrology, Elsevier, 2016, 540, pp.148-161. 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016 Accepted Manuscript This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. AbstractThe aim of this study was to develop a conceptual model of saline intrusion within coastal karst aquifers by analyzing rainfall-discharge-salinity data and to assess freshwater resources using a lumped modeling approach. In a first step, we analyzed 4 years of data (rainfall, discharge and salinity times series) of the Port-Miou brackish submarine spring in South France (400 km²). A conceptual model of the aquifer was then designed to differentiate a deep brackish reservoir and a shallower fresh one. Salinity variations at the spring are assumed to be controlled mainly by dilution originating from the fresh water in the shallower reservoir. In a second step, a lumped modeling approach was developed based on the conceptual model to simulate discharge as well as salinity over time. We proposed a reservoir-model to take into account slow and fast components in the shallower part of the aquifer and a saline intrusion in the deeper one. This Rainfall-Discharge-Salinity model was calibrated and validated for two periods of 1.5 years at a daily time step and was also tested to reproduce a multi-annual evolution of the available discharge and salinity time series. Good simulation results were obtained to reproduce water and mass budgets as well as discharge and salinity dynamics 2 during several hydrological cycles. The simultaneous modeling of hydrodynamics and quality data showed the robustness of the model in addition to its easy implementation. Our results led us to propose a new type of seawater mixing mechanism for brackish springs: the dilution type, in addition to the well-known Ventury suction and Head balance types. The application of the lumped model on the Port-Miou brackish spring validated the hydrogeological processes deduced from experimental data, given an initial quantification of the freshwater resources available in such complex brackish karstic aquifers.

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Karst water resources in a changing world: Review of hydrological modeling approaches

et al. 2014

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Karst regions represent 7–12% of the Earth's continental area, and about one quarter of the global population is completely or partially dependent on drinking water from karst aquifers. Climate simulations project a strong increase in temperature and a decrease of precipitation in many karst regions in the world over the next decades. Despite this potentially bleak future, few studies specifically quantify the impact of climate change on karst water resources. This review provides an introduction to karst, its evolution, and its particular hydrological processes. We explore different conceptual models of karst systems and how they can be translated into numerical models of varying complexity and therefore varying data requirements and depths of process representation. We discuss limitations of current karst models and show that at the present state, we face a challenge in terms of data availability and information content of the available data. We conclude by providing new research directions to develop and evaluate better prediction models to address the most challenging problems of karst water resources management, including opportunities for data collection and for karst model applications at so far unprecedented scales.

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Identification of a karst system’s intrinsic hydrodynamic parameters: upscaling from single springs to the whole aquifer

Cited by 48 publications

References 35 publications

Model-aided quantification of dissolved carbon and nitrogen release after windthrow disturbance in an Austrian karst system

Model-aided quantification of dissolved carbon and nitrogen release after windthrow disturbance in an Austrian karst system

Insights into saline intrusion and freshwater resources in coastal karstic aquifers using a lumped Rainfall–Discharge–Salinity model (the Port-Miou brackish spring, SE France)

Karst water resources in a changing world: Review of hydrological modeling approaches

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