Identification and genomic characterization of a novel porcine parvovirus (PPV6) in china

Ni, Jielei; Qiao, Caixia; Han, Xue; Han, Tao; Kang, Wenhua; Zi, Zhanchao; Cao, Zhang; Zhai, Xinyan; Xue-peng, Cai

doi:10.1186/preaccept-1676529513131027

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…These include the frequent detection of porcine hokovirus in hunted wild boar in Portugal 48 and a bovine hokovirus in domestic yaks 49 . In South America, another hokovirus was found to be endemic in a survey of Brazilian pig herds, in which post-weaning multi-systemic wasting syndrome was common 50 , and a novel porcine hokovirus (referred to as porcine parvovirus 6, or PPV6) has been associated with foetal loss in pigs in China 51 , 52 .…”

Section: New Advances In the Parv4 Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Human parvovirus 4 ‘PARV4’ remains elusive despite a decade of study

2017

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Human parvovirus 4 (‘PARV4’) is a small DNA tetraparvovirus, first reported in 2005. In some populations, PARV4 infection is uncommon, and evidence of exposure is found only in individuals with risk factors for parenteral infection who are infected with other blood-borne viruses. In other settings, seroprevalence studies suggest an endemic, age-associated transmission pattern, independent of any specific risk factors. The clinical impact of PARV4 infection remains uncertain, but reported disease associations include an influenza-like syndrome, encephalitis, acceleration of HIV disease, and foetal hydrops. In this review, we set out to report progress updates from the recent literature, focusing on the investigation of cohorts in different geographical settings, now including insights from Asia, the Middle East, and South America, and discussing whether attributes of viral or host populations underpin the striking differences in epidemiology. We review progress in understanding viral phylogeny and biology, approaches to diagnostics, and insights that might be gained from studies of closely related animal pathogens. Crucial questions about pathogenicity remain unanswered, but we highlight new evidence supporting a possible link between PARV4 and an encephalitis syndrome. The unequivocal evidence that PARV4 is endemic in certain populations should drive ongoing research efforts to understand risk factors and routes of transmission and to gain new insights into the impact of this virus on human health.

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Section: New Advances In the Parv4 Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Human parvovirus 4 ‘PARV4’ remains elusive despite a decade of study

2017

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“…Until now, only two species had been officially included in the genus Copiparvovirus , Ungulate copiparvovirus 1 (bovine parvovirus 2) and Ungulate copiparvovirus 2 (porcine parvovirus 4) 1 . However, several newly identified parvovirus types have recently been classified in the genus Copiparvovirus based on sequence analyses, including sesavirus 2 , porcine parvovirus 5 3 , porcine parvovirus 6 4 , equine parvovirus-hepatitis (EqPV-H) 5 , and horse parvovirus cerebrospinal fluid 6 ([CSF], which is provisionally designated EqPV-CSF in this study).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and genetic characterization of a novel parvovirus associated with serum hepatitis in horses in China

Sun

et al. 2018

Emerging Microbes & Infections

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A novel equine parvovirus, equine parvovirus-hepatitis (EqPV-H), was first discovered in a horse that died of equine serum hepatitis in the USA in 2018. EqPV-H was shown to be a novel etiological agent associated with equine serum hepatitis. Following this initial report, no additional studies on EqPV-H have been published. In this study, a total of 143 serum samples were collected from racehorses at 5 separate farms in China and were analyzed to detect EqPV-H DNA via nested PCR. The results indicated a high prevalence of EqPV-H (11.9%, 17/143) in the studied animals. In addition, a remarkably high coinfection rate (58.8%, 10/17) with 2 equine flaviviruses (equine hepacivirus and equine pegivirus) was observed in the EqPV-H positive equines. However, all equines tested negative for Theiler’s disease-associated virus, an etiological agent associated with equine serum hepatitis. The genomes of six field EqPV-H strains were sequenced and analyzed, with the results indicating that the Chinese EqPV-H strains have low genetic diversity and high genetic similarity with the USA EqPV-H strain BCT-01. A phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that the Chinese EqPV-H strains clustered with BCT-01 in the genus Copiparvovirus but were distantly related to another equine parvovirus identified in horse cerebrospinal fluid. In addition, liver enzyme levels were detected in the EqPV-H positive serum samples, and all the values were in the normal range, indicating that infection can occur without concurrent liver disease. This study will promote an understanding of the geographical distribution, genetic diversity, and pathogenicity of EqPV-H.

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“…PPV5, PPV6 and PBoV1-H18; i.e. [20, 32]) reported their occurrence in specimens isolated from pigs living in a period spanning from 2006 to 2010, later than the life span period of our archived samples.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Again, we detected PPV6-related sequences in pigs that were slaughtered even in 1998 (and in a period spanning 1998–2004), more than 10 years before this virus was first recognized in China from specimens collected in 2010–2013 [32] and then identified in the United States and Mexico [19]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A viral metagenomic approach on a non-metagenomic experiment: Mining next generation sequencing datasets from pig DNA identified several porcine parvoviruses for a retrospective evaluation of viral infections

et al. 2017

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Shot-gun next generation sequencing (NGS) on whole DNA extracted from specimens collected from mammals often produces reads that are not mapped (i.e. unmapped reads) on the host reference genome and that are usually discarded as by-products of the experiments. In this study, we mined Ion Torrent reads obtained by sequencing DNA isolated from archived blood samples collected from 100 performance tested Italian Large White pigs. Two reduced representation libraries were prepared from two DNA pools constructed each from 50 equimolar DNA samples. Bioinformatic analyses were carried out to mine unmapped reads on the reference pig genome that were obtained from the two NGS datasets. In silico analyses included read mapping and sequence assembly approaches for a viral metagenomic analysis using the NCBI Viral Genome Resource. Our approach identified sequences matching several viruses of the Parvoviridae family: porcine parvovirus 2 (PPV2), PPV4, PPV5 and PPV6 and porcine bocavirus 1-H18 isolate (PBoV1-H18). The presence of these viruses was confirmed by PCR and Sanger sequencing of individual DNA samples. PPV2, PPV4, PPV5, PPV6 and PBoV1-H18 were all identified in samples collected in 1998–2007, 1998–2000, 1997–2000, 1998–2004 and 2003, respectively. For most of these viruses (PPV4, PPV5, PPV6 and PBoV1-H18) previous studies reported their first occurrence much later (from 5 to more than 10 years) than our identification period and in different geographic areas. Our study provided a retrospective evaluation of apparently asymptomatic parvovirus infected pigs providing information that could be important to define occurrence and prevalence of different parvoviruses in South Europe. This study demonstrated the potential of mining NGS datasets non-originally derived by metagenomics experiments for viral metagenomics analyses in a livestock species.

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Identification and genomic characterization of a novel porcine parvovirus (PPV6) in china

Cited by 8 publications

References 25 publications

Human parvovirus 4 ‘PARV4’ remains elusive despite a decade of study

Human parvovirus 4 ‘PARV4’ remains elusive despite a decade of study

Identification and genetic characterization of a novel parvovirus associated with serum hepatitis in horses in China

A viral metagenomic approach on a non-metagenomic experiment: Mining next generation sequencing datasets from pig DNA identified several porcine parvoviruses for a retrospective evaluation of viral infections

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