Identification and Characterization of the Genes Encoding Human and Mouse Osteoactivin

Abstract

Osteoactivin (OA) is more highly expressed in the bones of osteopetrotic mutant rats (op/op) than in those of their normal littermates and is the homologue of human nmb, a cDNA more highly expressed in melanoma-derived cell lines of low metastatic potential, and of mouse DC-HIL, which has been implicated in endothelial cell adhesion. The human OA gene is found on chromosome 7p15.1 and consists of 11 exons spanning 28.3 kb. Murine OA is encoded by a highly similar gene of 11 exons spanning 20.2 kb on mouse chromosome 6. Human OA uses the same transcriptional initiation site in both bone and kidney as was reported for melanoma cells. OA is expressed in primary human and mouse osteoblast cultures at all stages of differentiation, with increased levels observed concurrently with the expression of osteoblast phenotype markers. OA is also expressed in a wide variety of human and mouse tissues as determined by RT-PCR analysis. Immunohistochemical investigation of OA expression in late mouse embryonic development showed very high, cell-specific expression in the nervous system, basal layer of the skin, germinal cells of hair follicles, and in the forming nephrons of the kidney. Continuing investigation of the cell-specific expression of OA in bone as well as in other tissues will lead to a better understanding of its function in the development of these cell types.

Univariate and bivariate variance component linkage analysis of a whole-genome scan for loci contributing to bone mineral density

“…21 Human and mouse OA are expressed in primary osteoblast cultures at all stages of differentiation. 22 The highest univariate lod-score for TR BMD was 1.89 on chromosome 6q27 near marker D6S446 at 170 Mb. In this case, the bivariate analysis of trait pairs LS/TR BMD gave a maximum lod-score of 1.75 in the same area.…”

Gpnmb Is Induced in Macrophages by IFN-γ and Lipopolysaccharide and Acts as a Feedback Regulator of Proinflammatory Responses

“…1, A-C). Prior studies suggested that gpnmb expression in mice, rats, and humans was enriched in osteoblasts (37)(38)(39), the DC line XS52 (28), retinal pigment epithelial cells, and melanocytes (40,41), and, more recently, in osteoclast-like cells (42). From some of theses studies, gpnmb was previously named osteoactivin and DC heparan sulfate proteoglycan dependent integrin ligand (dc.hil).…”

Targeting gene expression during the early bone healing period in the mandible: A base for bone tissue engineering

“…In this context, osteoactivin is considered as a downstream-mediator of bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP-2), which is and has been widely applied in bone tissue engineering models. With its highly osteo-inductive effects on ostegenic differentiation and its secretion by osteoblasts, it directly regulates their endogenous BMP-2 release mechanism (Abdelmagid et al, 2008;Owen et al, 2003;Utsunomiya et al, 2012).…”