Trichophyton species of Arthroderma benhamiae – a new infectious agent in dermatology

Abstract

Summary In Germany, infections due to the zoophilic dermatophyte Trichophyton (T.) species of Arthroderma benhamiae are being more frequently diagnosed. The source of infection of this emerging pathogen overlaps with that of the zoophilic species T. interdigitale. The most common source are guinea pigs. T. species of Arthroderma benhamiae causes inflammatory dermatophytosis in children and adolescents. In addition to tinea capitis, it may cause both tinea corporis, tinea manus and frequently tinea faciei. In Germany, T. species of Arthroderma benhamiae is a frequent zoophilic dermatophyte, which in regions is probably more frequent than Microsporum canis. The mycological identification of the isolates with their yellow stained colonies is based on their macroscopic and microscopic features. However, some exhibit colony features consistent with those of T. interdigitale. These strains only can be identified unambiguously by means of molecular techniques. Using detection methods such as PCR‐ELISA or real‐time PCR, the dermatophyte can be identified directly from clinical material. Sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) of the ribosomal DNA has been approved as culture confirmation test for T. species of Arthroderma benhamiae. In addition, matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (MALDI TOF MS) is useful. Widespread dermatophytosis due to T. species of Arthroderma benhamiae, in particular of tinea capitis, requires oral antifungal agents. Terbinafine is most effective, alternatives are fluconazole and itraconazole.

Swainsonine Biosynthesis Genes in Diverse Symbiotic and Pathogenic Fungi

“…Atoms indicated in blue are known or predicted to be derived from pipecolic acid, and those in red from mevalonic acid. (B) Clinical symptoms of ringworm caused by Trichophyton benhamiae (Nenoff et al 2014) (photograph provided by Dr. Pietro Nenoff, Laboratory for Medical Microbiology, Mölbis, Germany, and Dr. Ina Schulze, Markkleeberg near Leipzig, Germany). (C) Insect larva mummified by Metarhizium sp.…”

FV01: Fortschritte in Allergologie und Dermato‐Immunologie

“…Mindorf S. 1 , Dettmann I.-M. 1 , Krüger S. 2 , Rentzsch K. 1 , Fuhrmann T. 2 , Probst C. 1 , Komorowski L. 1 , Fechner K. 1 , van Beek N. 3 , Lemcke S. 2,4 , Sárdy M. 5 , Bangert C. 6 , Benoit S. 7 , Hashimoto T. 8 , Zillikens D. 3 , Pas H.H. 9 , Jonkman M. 9 , Stöcker W. 1 Zur Bestimmung der diagnostischen Wertigkeit der anti-Desmocollin Autoantikörper wurden die drei humanen Desmocolline rekombinant in HEK293-Zellen exprimiert und als Biochip-Mosa-ik™ zur Autoantikörperbestimmung mittels indirekter Immunfl uoreszenz (IIF) eingesetzt. Vier Patientenserumkollektive wurden auf Anti-Dsc-Reaktivität (IgG, IgA) untersucht: (I) klassische PV-Patienten mit Anti-Dsg3-Reaktivität (n = 102), (II) PV-Patienten mit negativer Anti-Dsg3-IIF (n = 24), (III) PNP-Seren (n = 23) und (IV) Patientenproben einer prospektiven multizentrischen Studie mit bullösen AID (n = 749).…”

Exoproteome Analysis of Human Pathogenic Dermatophyte Species and Identification of Immunoreactive Proteins

“…Depending on the host's immunity, infection is normally restricted to the nonliving cornified layers because of the inability of the fungi to penetrate the deeper tissues or organs of immunocompetent hosts but invasive diseases can be caused in immunocompromised hosts . The anthropophilic T. rubrum is the most common dermatophyte species causing the most frequent fungal skin (tinea pedis) and nail infections (tinea unguium) and is found throughout the world .…”

“…The anthropophilic T. rubrum is the most common dermatophyte species causing the most frequent fungal skin (tinea pedis) and nail infections (tinea unguium) and is found throughout the world . Recently, the primarily zoophilic Arthroderma benhamiae , the teleomorphic form of a group of Trichophyton species, is able to cause severe dermatomycoses in humans . A lot of virulence factors that may contribute to the ability of dermatophytes to cause disease are discussed .…”