<i>PROCUSTE1</i> Encodes a Cellulose Synthase Required for Normal Cell Elongation Specifically in Roots and Dark-Grown Hypocotyls of Arabidopsis

Fagard, Mathilde; Desnos, Thierry; Desprez, Thierry; Goubet, Florence; Refrégier, Guislaine; Mouille, Grégory; McCann, Maureen C.; Rayon, Catherine; Vernhettes, Samantha; Höfte, Monica

doi:10.1105/tpc.12.12.2409

Cited by 486 publications

(292 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…We discovered that SALK T-DNA mutants of the receptor-like kinase SRF6 ( srf6-1 and srf6-3 ) were able to partially suppress the growth defect of the cellulose deficient mutant cobra ( cob-6 ) [24], but did not suppress mutants of CELLULOSE SYNTHASE 6 ( prc1) [25] or CELLULOSE SYNTHASE 3 ( eli1) [26] (Figure 1A and Figure S2). cob-6 carries a SALK T-DNA insertion in the first intron of the COBRA gene [24] whereas prc1 and eli1 contain a single nucleotide change in the corresponding gene [25], [26]. The locus of the different srf6 and cob alleles used in this study are illustrated in Figure S3.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paramutation-Like Interaction of T-DNA Loci in Arabidopsis

et al. 2012

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In paramutation, epigenetic information is transferred from one allele to another to create a gene expression state which is stably inherited over generations. Typically, paramutation describes a phenomenon where one allele of a gene down-regulates the expression of another allele. Paramutation has been described in several eukaryotes and is best understood in plants. Here we describe an unexpected paramutation-like trans SALK T-DNA interaction in Arabidopsis. Unlike most of the previously described paramutations, which led to gene silencing, the trans SALK T-DNA interaction caused an increase in the transcript levels of the endogenous gene (COBRA) where the T-DNA was inserted. This increased COBRA expression state was stably inherited for several generations and led to the partial suppression of the cobra phenotype. DNA methylation was implicated in this trans SALK T-DNA interaction since mutation of the DNA methyltransferase 1 in the suppressed cobra caused a reversal of the suppression. In addition, null mutants of the DNA demethylase ROS1 caused a similar COBRA transcript increase in the cobra SALK T-DNA mutant as the trans T-DNA interaction. Our results provide a new example of a paramutation-like trans T-DNA interaction in Arabidopsis, and establish a convenient hypocotyl elongation assay to study this phenomenon. The results also alert to the possibility of unexpected endogenous transcript increase when two T-DNAs are combined in the same genetic background.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paramutation-Like Interaction of T-DNA Loci in Arabidopsis

et al. 2012

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“…Atces2 null mutations showed a severe dwarf phenotype in A. thaliana , and functional studies have demonstrated that AtCesA2 and − 6 were partially functionally redundant during elongation [80]. A. thaliana mutants at the PROCUST1 locus, which encodes cesA6 , exhibited cell elongation effects in a pleiotropic manner [81]. cesA6 promoter-GUS fusion experiments have demonstrated that its expression occurs throughout the hypocotyl and root, peaking in the cell elongation zone of the expanding root [72].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcript profiling by microarray and marker analysis of the short cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) fiber mutant Ligon lintless-1 (Li 1 )

Gilbert

Turley²,

Kim

et al. 2013

BMC Genomics

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BackgroundCotton fiber length is very important to the quality of textiles. Understanding the genetics and physiology of cotton fiber elongation can provide valuable tools to the cotton industry by targeting genes or other molecules responsible for fiber elongation. Ligon Lintless-1 (Li1) is a monogenic mutant in Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) which exhibits an early cessation of fiber elongation resulting in very short fibers (< 6 mm) at maturity. This presents an excellent model system for studying the underlying molecular and cellular processes involved with cotton fiber elongation. Previous reports have characterized Li1 at early cell wall elongation and during later secondary cell wall synthesis, however there has been very limited analysis of the transition period between these developmental time points.ResultsPhysical and morphological measurements of the Li1 mutant fibers were conducted, including measurement of the cellulose content during development. Affymetrix microarrays were used to analyze transcript profiles at the critical developmental time points of 3 days post anthesis (DPA), the late elongation stage of 12 DPA and the early secondary cell wall synthesis stage of 16 DPA. The results indicated severe disruption to key hormonal and other pathways related to fiber development, especially pertaining to the transition stage from elongation to secondary cell wall synthesis. Gene Ontology enrichment analysis identified several key pathways at the transition stage that exhibited altered regulation. Genes involved in ethylene biosynthesis and primary cell wall rearrangement were affected, and a primary cell wall-related cellulose synthase was transcriptionally repressed. Linkage mapping using a population of 2,553 F2 individuals identified SSR markers associated with the Li1 genetic locus on chromosome 22. Linkage mapping in combination with utilizing the diploid G. raimondii genome sequences permitted additional analysis of the region containing the Li1 gene.ConclusionsThe early termination of fiber elongation in the Li1 mutant is likely controlled by an early upstream regulatory factor resulting in the altered regulation of hundreds of downstream genes. Several elongation-related genes that exhibited altered expression profiles in the Li1 mutant were identified. Molecular markers closely associated with the Li1 locus were developed. Results presented here will lay the foundation for further investigation of the genetic and molecular mechanisms of fiber elongation.

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“…However, other cell expansion mutants, such as radially swollen4 ( rsw4 ) and rsw7 , have normal microtubule and cellulose microfibril arrays, indicating that oriented cellulose microfibrils are insufficient for polar expansion of root cells (71, 168). Expansion defects in mutants of genes involved in cellulose synthesis, such as rsw1–3 and procuste , highlight the importance of cell wall assembly and modification in root cell elongation (3, 47). The COBRA ( COB ) gene also regulates polar expansion of root cells and encodes a member of a family of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)–anchored proteins located at the interface between the plasma membrane and the cell wall (20, 131).…”

Section: Developmental Zones Of the Rootmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of Arabidopsis Root Development

Petricka

Winter

Benfey

2012

Annu. Rev. Plant Biol.

546

456

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The Arabidopsis root has been the subject of intense research over the past decades. This research has led to significantly improved understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying root development. Key insights into the specification of individual cell types, cell patterning, growth and differentiation, branching of the primary root, and responses of the root to the environment have been achieved. Transcription factors and plant hormones play key regulatory roles. Recently, mechanisms involving protein movement and the oscillation of gene expression have also been uncovered. Root gene regulatory networks controlling root development have been reconstructed from genome-wide profiling experiments, revealing novel molecular connections and models. Future refinement of these models will lead to a more complete description of the complex molecular interactions that give rise to a simple growing root.

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PROCUSTE1 Encodes a Cellulose Synthase Required for Normal Cell Elongation Specifically in Roots and Dark-Grown Hypocotyls of Arabidopsis

Cited by 486 publications

References 48 publications

Paramutation-Like Interaction of T-DNA Loci in Arabidopsis

Paramutation-Like Interaction of T-DNA Loci in Arabidopsis

Transcript profiling by microarray and marker analysis of the short cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) fiber mutant Ligon lintless-1 (Li 1 )

Control of Arabidopsis Root Development

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