<i>Operando</i> time-gated Raman spectroscopy of solid catalysts

Vogel, Robin; Prins, P. Tim; Rabouw, Freddy T.; Weckhuysen, Bert M.

doi:10.1039/d3cy00967j

Catal. Sci. Technol.

2023

DOI: 10.1039/d3cy00967j

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Operando time-gated Raman spectroscopy of solid catalysts

Robin Vogel,

P. Tim Prins,

Freddy T. Rabouw

et al.

Abstract: Operando Raman spectroscopy is a powerful analytical tool to provide new insights in the working and deactivation principles of solid catalysts. Intense fluorescence can obscure Raman spectra to the extent...

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2024

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Cited by 2 publications

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The Coking of a Solid Catalyst Rationalized with Combined Raman and Fluorescence Lifetime Microscopy

Vogel,

Versluis,

Frijsen

et al. 2024

Angewandte Chemie

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The formation of carbon deposits is a major deactivation pathway for solid catalysts. Studying coking on industrially relevant catalysts is, however, often challenging due to the sample heterogeneity. That is especially true for zeolite‐containing catalysts where fluorescence often hampers their characterization with Raman spectroscopy. We turned this disadvantage into an advantage and combined Raman and fluorescence (lifetime) microscopy to study the coking behavior of an equilibrium catalyst material used for fluid catalytic cracking of hydrocarbons. The results presented illustrate that this approach can yield new insights in the physicochemical processes occurring within zeolite‐containing catalyst particles during their coking process. Ex situ analyses of single catalyst particles revealed considerable intra‐sample heterogeneities. The sample‐averaged Raman spectra showed a higher degree of graphitization when the sample was exposed to more hexane, while the sample‐averaged fluorescence lifetime showed no significant trend. Simultaneous in situ Raman and fluorescence (lifetime) microscopy, used to follow the coking of single particles, gave more insights in the changing fluorescence dynamics. The rise and decline of the average fluorescence lifetime suggested the prolonged presence of smaller coke species that are quenched more and more by adjacent larger polyaromatics acting as Förster‐resonance‐energy‐transfer acceptors.

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The Coking of a Solid Catalyst Rationalized with Combined Raman and Fluorescence Lifetime Microscopy

Vogel,

Versluis,

Frijsen

et al. 2024

Angewandte Chemie

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Gating-out emission for fluorescence-free Raman spectra for the study of electrode interfaces

Neale,

Sazanovich,

Hardwick

2024

Current Opinion in Electrochemistry

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Operando time-gated Raman spectroscopy of solid catalysts

Abstract: Operando Raman spectroscopy is a powerful analytical tool to provide new insights in the working and deactivation principles of solid catalysts. Intense fluorescence can obscure Raman spectra to the extent...

Cited by 2 publications

References 45 publications

The Coking of a Solid Catalyst Rationalized with Combined Raman and Fluorescence Lifetime Microscopy

The Coking of a Solid Catalyst Rationalized with Combined Raman and Fluorescence Lifetime Microscopy

Gating-out emission for fluorescence-free Raman spectra for the study of electrode interfaces

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