OLFML3 Expression is Decreased during Prenatal Muscle Development and Regulated by MicroRNA-155 in Pigs

Abstract

The Olfactomedin-like 3 (OLFML3) gene has matrix-related function involved in embryonic development. MicroRNA-155 (miR-155), 21- to 23-nucleotides (nt) noncoding RNA, regulated myogenesis by target mRNA. Our LongSAGE analysis suggested that OLFML3 gene was differently expressed during muscle development in pig. In this study, we cloned the porcine OLFML3 gene and detected its tissues distribution in adult Tongcheng pigs and dynamical expression in developmental skeletal muscle (12 prenatal and 10 postnatal stages) from Landrace (lean-type) and Tongcheng (obese-type) pigs. Subsequently, we analyzed the interaction between OLFML3 and miR-155. The OLFML3 was abundantly expressed in liver and pancreas, moderately in lung, small intestine and placenta, and weakly in other tissues and postnatal muscle. There were different dynamical expression patterns between Landrace and Tongcheng pigs during prenatal skeletal muscle development. The OLFML3 was down-regulated (33-50 days post coitus, dpc), subsequently up-regulated (50-70 dpc), and then down-regulated (70-100 dpc) in Landrace pigs, while in Tongcheng pigs, it was down-regulated (33-50 dpc), subsequently up-regulated (50-55 dpc) and then down-regulated (55-100 dpc). There was higher expression in Tongcheng than Landrace in prenatal muscle from 33 to 60 dpc, and opposite situation from 65 to 100 dpc. Dual luciferase assay and real time PCR documented that OLFML3 expression was regulated by miR-155 at mRNA level. Our research indicated that OLFML3 gene may affect prenatal skeletal muscle development and was regulated by miR-155. These finding will help understanding biological function and expression regulation of OLFML3 gene in mammal animals.

Differential miRNA expression profiles in the longissimus dorsi muscle between intact and castrated male pigs

“…In the past few years, many groups have shown that miRNAs are involved in skeletal muscle growth and development (Dey et al, 2012;McDaneld et al, 2009;Zhao et al, 2012). To determine the roles of miRNAs involved in skeletal muscle development in castrated male pigs, we performed a miRNA microarray to investigate the effect of castration on miRNA expression profiles of LD muscle in male pigs.…”

“…The role of miRNAs in the regulation of skeletal muscle growth and development has been previously demonstrated. For example, miR-26a is induced during skeletal muscle regeneration, and exogenous miR-26a promotes differentiation of myoblasts in humans (Dey et al, 2012); miR27a increases muscle cell proliferation by directly inhibiting myostatin gene expression (Huang et al, 2012); miR-378 is considered a candidate for regulating myogenesis and participates in skeletal muscle development through the regulation of BMP2 and MAPK1 ; and miR-155 affects porcine prenatal skeletal muscle development through the regulation of OLFML3 (Zhao et al, 2012). Until now, little was known about the roles of miRNAs in the regulation of skeletal muscle growth and development in castrated male pigs.…”

Comparison of skeletal muscle miRNA and mRNA profiles among three pig breeds

“…miR-1, miR-206, and miR-133 are well-known myomiRs specifically expressed in muscle that play important roles in the regulation of muscle cell differentiation and proliferation . Other miRNAs that are not muscle-specific have also been implicated in the regulation of myogenesis, such as miR-127 (Yang et al 2014), miR-148 , miR-155 (Zhao et al 2012), and miR-21 (Bai et al 2015).…”

Discovery of MicroRNAs Associated with Myogenesis by Deep Sequencing of Serial Developmental Skeletal Muscles in Pigs

“…The cell cycle inhibitor p27 can be targeted by both miR-221 and miR-222, and overexpression of these miRNAs delays withdrawal from the cell cycle and differentiation, due to a reduction in sarcomeric proteins [9]. MiR-155 can regulate the expression of Olfactomedin-like 3 (OLFML3), which may affect porcine prenatal skeletal muscle development [10]. Although an increasing body of evidence shows that miRNAs play important roles in the regulation of skeletal muscle development, precise regulatory mechanisms of the biological functions of most miRNAs remain unclear, and most research is restricted to myomiRs, such as miR-1, miR-133 and miR-206.…”