Neisseria meningitidisSerogroup W, Burkina Faso, 2012

Abstract

In 2010, Burkina Faso became the first country to introduce meningococcal serogroup A conjugate vaccine (PsA-TT). During 2012, Burkina Faso reported increases in Neisseria meningitidis serogroup W, raising questions about whether these cases were a natural increase in disease or resulted from serogroup replacement after PsA-TT introduction. We analyzed national surveillance data to describe the epidemiology of serogroup W and genotyped 61 serogroup W isolates. In 2012, a total of 5,807 meningitis cases were reported through enhanced surveillance, of which 2,353 (41%) were laboratory confirmed. The predominant organism identified was N. meningitidis serogroup W (62%), and all serogroup W isolates characterized belonged to clonal complex 11. Although additional years of data are needed before we can understand the epidemiology of serogroup W after PsA–TT introduction, these data suggest that serogroup W will remain a major cause of sporadic disease and has epidemic potential, underscoring the need to maintain high-quality case-based meningitis surveillance after PsA–TT introduction.

Emergence of epidemic Neisseria meningitidis serogroup C in Niger, 2015: an analysis of national surveillance data

“…8 The age distribution of NmC cases, with the highest proportions observed in adolescents and young adults, is similar to that reported in previous NmA epidemics, 22 whereas the predominance of NmW cases in children younger than 5 years has been reported in other NmW epidemics. 4,6 The overall case fatality rate of 5·9% in this NmC epidemic is consistent with that reported in several NmA, NmW, and NmX epidemics in Niger (roughly 4–8%), 4,8,21–23 although the incompleteness of case outcome in the surveillance data limits the interpretation of these results.…”

Meningococcal disease in the Middle East and Africa: Findings and updates from the Global Meningococcal Initiative

“…54 In 2010e2012, MenW disease reemerged in Burkina Faso. 55 MenC emerged in northern Nigeria in 2013 and western Niger in 2015, resulting in the largest post-MenAfriVac Ò outbreak and the largest MenC outbreak on record, and it has now spread into neighboring countries. The outbreak was large, rapid, and attack rates were high; it was found to be caused by a previously unrecorded MenC clone.…”

Serogroup W Meningitis Outbreak at the Subdistrict Level, Burkina Faso, 2012

“…In 2010, MenAfriVac was introduced in Burkina Faso ( 5 ), and meningitis incidence was low in 2011; however, during February–April 2012, several epidemic foci occurred at the district level ( 6 ). This epidemic was the first in Burkina Faso since introduction of MenAfriVac and the second serogroup W epidemic in the country, occurring 10 years after the initial outbreak ( 7 , 8 ).…”