Lactobacilli, bifidobacteriaandE. colinissle induce pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in peripheral blood mononuclear cells

Abstract

The incubation of probiotic strains, which have been used in clinical trials for inflammatory diseases, with immunocompetent cells leads to different species specific reactions. High IL-10 response to cell debris of bifidobacteria and E. coli nissle can be found. This corresponds to positive effects of bifidobacteria and E. coli nissle in clinical trials for inflammatory bowel disease compared to negative outcomes obtained with lactobacilli.

Probiotic Leuconostoc mesenteroides ssp. cremoris and Streptococcus thermophilus induce IL-12 and IFN-γ production

“…Our data is consistent with previous studies in which bifidobacteria were shown to induce higher IL-10 production as compared to lactobacilli [9,16] . The antiinflammatory actions of IL-10 could be helpful in the treatment of inflammatory conditions or diseases.…”

“…However, there is only limited amount of comparative data on the immunomodulatory properties of several different probiotic bacterial strains within the same experimental system. Published data is mainly limited to the analysis of the effects of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium genera [9,[11][12][13]44] . In the present study combinations of different grampositive probiotic bacteria did not induce any additive or synergistic cytokine production in PBMCs.…”

“…In human PBMCs gram-positive bacteria induce TNF-α [8][9][10] , IL-12 [11][12][13][14][15] and IFN-γ [10,11,13,15] while gramnegative bacteria have preferentially been suggested to induce IL-10 production [14] . Gram-positive bacteria or their structural components activate cells via TLR2, whereas gram-negative bacteria and their major structural component lipopolysaccharide activate host cell via TLR4 [32] .…”

“…IL-10 downregulates the inflammatory response and induces an antibodymediated immune response [7] . In previous studies it has been shown that individual probiotic bacteria can induce the production of TNF-α [8][9][10] , IL-12 [11][12][13][14][15] , IFN-γ [10,11,13,15] and IL-10 [9,[15][16][17][18] in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in vitro. At present only a limited amount of comparative data is available on the ability of different probiotic strains to induce cytokine production within the same experimental system [9,[14][15][16][17] .…”

Probiotics and immunity

“…Various experiments indicate that the ability to induce the secretion of various cytokines is mediated to a large extent by cell wall components. 177,179,180 In particular, peptidoglycans have been implicated in IL-12 induction in splenocytes, 178 while lipoteichoic acids are involved in the stimulation of TNF-α production in macrophages and splenocytes. 181 In addition, DNA has been shown to mediate a variety of immunomodulatory effects of certain probiotic strains both in vitro and in vivo.…”