<i>‘It’s so Hard to Get Out of that Bubble’</i>. A Phenomenological Analysis with Men Who Have Stalked

Wheatley, Rachael; Winder, Belinda; Kuss, Daria J.

doi:10.1080/24732850.2020.1855385

Cited by 11 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Research using mixed methods and qualitative research designs would also clearly be useful to address some research questions. This might be particularly important to develop offence‐process models of stalking behaviour and to understand how different cognitive and affective content and processes interact (e.g., Stairmand et al., 2021 ; Wheatley et al., 2020 ). Given the apparent importance of intense affective arousal in stalking behaviour, finding ways to measure both ‘hot’ and ‘cold’ cognition that contributes to stalking will be challenging, but likely essential to understand how social information processing and self‐ and emotion regulation interact to lead to someone choosing stalking as a response to affective arousal (Senkans et al., 2020 ).…”

Section: Implications and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A critical analysis of stalking theory and implications for research and practice

Parkhill

Nixon

McEwan

2022

Behavioral Sci & The Law

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This article comprehensively reviews and critiques theories providing an aetiological account of stalking. We evaluate applications of preexisting psychological theories to stalking (attachment theory, evolutionary theory, social learning theory, information processing models of aggression, coercive control theory, and behavioural theory) as well as the only novel theory of stalking to date: Relational goal pursuit theory. Our aim was to identify which are supported by research, identify gaps in theoretical scope and explanatory depth and examine how current theories might inform clinical practice. This evaluation suggests that theories of stalking are underdeveloped relative to other areas of forensic clinical psychology and the theoretical literature is relatively stagnant. Consequently, there is limited research into clinically meaningful constructs that can guide the assessment, formulation and treatment of this client group. We identify similarities across existing theories, discussing implications for future research and clinical practice with people who stalk.

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Section: Implications and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A critical analysis of stalking theory and implications for research and practice

Parkhill

Nixon

McEwan

2022

Behavioral Sci & The Law

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“…Although practitioners have an understanding of the experiences of people who have stalked, published research focusing solely on this has been absent. Research exploring the experiences of men who have stalked, specifically how they construe their reality for stalking episodes, was undertaken by Wheatley (2019: also see Wheatley et al , 2020a). Seven in-depth interviews structured around the use of a novel Visually Adapted Repertory Grid technique (VARGT: see Wheatley et al , 2020b, Wheatley, 2020c) were analysed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As an adjunct to deterrence options, and as piloted as part of a UK Multi-Agency Stalking Intervention Programme initiative, the role occupational therapy (OT) has in stopping stalking is explored within Section 5. The Wheatley et al ’s (2020a, 2020b, 2020c) sample reflected that their stalking had meaning; they were driven. The functions were linked to validation and self-esteem, emotional regulation problems and consequently their stalking led to isolation, and emotional and psychosocial deterioration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Introduction “stalking: what do we know about working with people who stalk and where do we go?”

Wheatley

2023

JCP

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Purpose There is an absence of qualitative research with individuals who have stalked. This special issue of articles draws on one study, rich with the meaning-making of experts by experience. That is, people who have stalked, been convicted and detained in UK prisons. The purpose of this issue is to provide forensic practitioners with an overview of current considerations for intervening with individuals who stalk. It does this by drawing together empirically derived interpreted experiences of men who stalk, expanding key discussions with expert practitioners in the field, working with those who stalk. It highlights current thinking on the psychology of stalking and multidisciplinary options for risk management. Furthermore, it provides an overview of necessary future directions. Design/methodology/approach Research findings from a recent, novel, mixed methods study (Wheatley, 2019 and Wheatleya et al., 2020) are discussed with other experienced stalking practitioners in the UK for reflection and discussion. The papers synthesise the research findings, existing psychological literature and practitioner experience to discuss implications for psychological practice with those who stalk. Findings The key findings resonated with current practitioners, providing a springboard for expanding thinking around stalking and crucial themes such as narcissistic vulnerability, deterrence, labelling and developing alternative meaningful activities. Research limitations/implications In providing this marriage of experiential expert insights, this Special Issue advances the practice of psychology in relation to those who stalk, having clear applications to the processes of risk assessment, intervention and management. Pivotally, how to enhance engagement opportunities to develop working and therapeutic relationships. Originality/value This issue introduces new subtopics, some of which have never been written about before. It provides discussion papers marrying research with practitioner experience, with a focus on practical applications within criminal psychology and future directions.

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“…In the absence of evidenced effective intervention approaches to address stalking (Nijdam-Jones et al , 2018; Purcell and McEwan, 2018), knowing how to engage at the earliest opportunity, by understanding the psychology of those who stalk before and during stalking episodes, is crucial. In an attempt to investigate what drives individuals who stalk, Wheatley et al (2020) undertook research with men who had stalked and were being held in custody. Through accessing their subjective experiences of relationships and their stalking behaviour, analysis determined a firm presence of narcissistic vulnerability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stalking, narcissistic vulnerability and the application of schema therapy “I was punishing her for me not being good enough”

Wheatley

Conway²

2023

JCP

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Purpose This discussion paper aims to further explore narcissistic vulnerability as a psychological concept in relation to stalking, adding to the literature base by resurrecting this focus and exploring practical implications of this association through proposing a schema therapy (ST) approach. Design/methodology/approach Stalking results from an interaction of circumstances and a vulnerable personality. Understanding the psychology of those who stalk, before and during stalking episodes, is pivotal in helping the person stalking to desist and thus protect victims. Knowing how to most effectively intervene at the earliest opportunity with those stalking is an area receiving renewed attention. Not least due to the improved identification of stalking, but also the continued absence of empirical evidence on effective intervention approaches. This paper sets out to explore the utility of ST with stalking cases. Findings Recent research undertaken by Wheatley et al. (2020) with men who had stalked and were detained in prison within the UK highlighted narcissistic vulnerability as a key feature in their personalities. The original study provided support for the linked conceptualisations of narcissistic vulnerability, preoccupied attachment styles and the phenomenon of stalking. This paper extended discussions to explore the utility of ST to address narcissistic vulnerability in stalking cases. Originality/value This is an original discussion paper combining research with stalking cases, practitioner specialism, psychological theory and existing empirical literature to argue for the value of ST for addressing stalking.

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‘It’s so Hard to Get Out of that Bubble’. A Phenomenological Analysis with Men Who Have Stalked

Cited by 11 publications

References 59 publications

A critical analysis of stalking theory and implications for research and practice

A critical analysis of stalking theory and implications for research and practice

Introduction “stalking: what do we know about working with people who stalk and where do we go?”

Stalking, narcissistic vulnerability and the application of schema therapy “I was punishing her for me not being good enough”

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