In Vitro Seed Germination and Seedling Development of a Rare Indonesian Native Orchid Phalaenopsis amboinensis J.J.Sm

Borna

Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech.

et al. 2020

Poor seed germination is the main obstacle for seed propagation of Rauwolfia tetraphylla L. in nature. The high viability (83.1%) of seeds in nature and the presence of viable embryo indicate that viability is not the only reason behind poor seed germination of this valuable medicinal plant. However, to overcome the problem of poor seed propagation, an efficient protocol has been developed for R. tetraphylla. Among the various treatments the maximum rate of ex vitro seed germination (13.33%) was found when the seeds were treated with 100 ppm of GA3. Response of in vitro germination was found to vary under different conditions. Not only that the rate was much higher compared to ex vitro germination. The rate of seed germination was found to be 78% in MS without PGR (plant growth regulator) supplements, while it was 70 and 78% in cotton bed under light and dark, respectively. It was 80% in incubator at 37ºC. In R. tetraphylla the hard seed coat is regarded as one of the barriers for germination and it can be easily eliminated by removing the hard seed coat. In vitro raised plantlets were reared in nature following proper acclimatization where they produced flowers as well as seeds. Apart from the said investigation, a method for in vitro shoot formation was also developed. Best response (90.7%) towards in vitro shoot regeneration was obtained from nodal segment when they were cultured on MS supplemented with 2.2 mg/l BA and 0.1 mg/l NAA. It took about 10-12 days to initiate shoots. About 9.9 ± 0.87 shoots were obtained per explants and their length was recorded as 2.28 ± 0.21 cm after six weeks. Various concentrations of IBA and NAA were used for in vitro root induction, but the in vitro raised shoots did not produce roots. Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 30(1): 33-45, 2020 (June)

supporting

confidence: 82%

In vitro Plant Regeneration of Rauvolfia tetraphylla L.: A Threatened Medicinal Plant

Borna

Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech.

et al. 2020

International Journal of Agronomy

“…Gonçalves et al [49] found that the number of Hadrolaelia purpurata seedlings produced was the highest on KC medium containing 90 g•L −1 of BH. Furthermore, Utami and Hariyanto [50] observed the effect of supplementation with 150 mL•L −1 CW with different BH concentrations (0, 5, 10, 15 g•L −1 ) on the plantlet development of Phalaenopsis amboinensis and found that the organic supplementation of CW together with BH had significantly increased the growth of plantlets. Banana has often been used as an organic additive in in vitro cultures because of its high levels of potassium, manganese, calcium, sodium, iron, zinc, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, pyridoxine, pantothenic acid, ascorbic acid, folic acid [86], and natural growth regulators such as zeatin, gibberellin, and IAA [87,88].…”

Section: Banana Homogenatementioning

confidence: 99%

Organic Compounds: Contents and Their Role in Improving Seed Germination and Protocorm Development in Orchids

Utami

Hariyanto

2020

Self Cite

In nature, orchid seed germination is obligatory following infection by mycorrhizal fungi, which supplies the developing embryo with water, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals, causing the seeds to germinate relatively slowly and at a low germination rate. The nonsymbiotic germination of orchid seeds found in 1922 is applicable to in vitro propagation. The success of seed germination in vitro is influenced by supplementation with organic compounds. Here, we review the scientific literature in terms of the contents and role of organic supplements in promoting seed germination, protocorm development, and seedling growth in orchids. We systematically collected information from scientific literature databases including Scopus, Google Scholar, and ProQuest, as well as published books and conference proceedings. Various organic compounds, i.e., coconut water (CW), peptone (P), banana homogenate (BH), potato homogenate (PH), chitosan (CHT), tomato juice (TJ), and yeast extract (YE), can promote seed germination and growth and development of various orchids. They also stimulate seedling development, formation of protocorm-like bodies (PLBs), plantlet growth, and multiple shoot formation. The addition of organic compounds to culture media, individually or in combination, accelerates seed germination and seedling development. Different types and concentrations of organic nutrients are needed for the success of in vitro cultures, depending on the species and genotype.

“…The medium performance could be improved through addition of complex organic substance such as coconut water or tomato extract. Using said substances have successfully enhanced various orchid species growth (Zhang et al 2015;Dwiyani et al 2015;Setiari et al 2016;Utami et al 2017;Utami and Hariyanto 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Germination and Flowering of Dendrobium capra J.J. Smith, An Endemic Orchid of Java

et al. 2021

Dendrobium capra is an Indonesian endemic orchid species that live in Java. It grows on low altitude with warm climate. D. capra has beautiful small yellow greenish flower that grow in raceme inflorescence. This orchid faces a threat in its natural habitat due to having a long life cycle and a forestry main commodity as a main host thus categorized as Appendix II on CITES list. To address that problem, ex situ conservation approach using in vitro culture method is necessary. Germination enhancement effort using complex organic substances found that 200 ml/l tomato extract gave best germination result. Analysis on D. capra plantlet growth also showed that MS medium produced better plantlet size than NP, VW and KC medium. Supplementing medium with a combination of NAA and TDZ has also successfully induced early flowering within 11 month of culture period. This information is important to achieve successful in vitro culture of D. capra for various purposes.