<i>In vitro</i> evaluation of the effects of <i>Yucca schidigera</i> and inulin on the fermentation potential of the faecal microbiota of dogs fed diets with low or high protein concentrations

Vierbaum, Luisa; Eisenhauer, Laura; Vahjen, Wilfried; Zentek, Jürgen

doi:10.1080/1745039x.2019.1616498

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…A wide range of in vitro gut models has been already developed, from the simplest static mono-compartmental models to the most complex dynamic and multi-compartmental models (Guerra et al, 2012;Payne et al, 2012). These in vitro models have been primarily developed to mimic human digestion, but are more and more frequently adapted to simulate animal digestion, mainly that of pig or piglet (Meunier et al, 2008;Tanner et al, 2014;Fleury et al, 2017;Dufourny et al, 2019), cat Van den Abbeele et al, 2020a) or dog Smeets-Peeters et al, 1999;Tzortzis et al, 2004;Hervera et al, 2007;Bosch et al, 2008;Cutrignelli et al, 2009;Panasevich et al, 2013;Lee et al, 2017;Vierbaum et al, 2019;Oba et al, 2020;Van den Abbeele et al, 2020a;Verstrepen et al, 2021), as described in the next 5.2 section.…”

Section: Generalities On In Vitro Gut Models: Static Versus Dynamic A...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They introduced a nutritive medium aiming to simulate dog ileal effluents but in fact, almost similar to that used for human experiments (Van den Abbeele et al, 2018). The same limitation on the lack of adaptation of nutritive medium composition to dog situation could be raised on batch models developed by other teams (Tzortzis et al, 2004;Panasevich et al, 2013;Vierbaum et al, 2019). Bosch et al (2008) developed a more complete batch fermentation model mimicking the ileum, proximal colon, transverse colon, or rectum compartment in different vessels inoculated with corresponding digestive fluids from 3 adult small or large dogs.…”

Section: In Vitro Models Of the Lower Gut: Batch And Continuous Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In vitro models of the canine digestive tract as an alternative to in vivo assays: Advances and current challenges

Deschamps

2022

ALTEX

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Dogs occupy a full place in the family and their well-being is of paramount importance to their owners. Digestion, a complex process involving physicochemical, mechanical, and microbial parameters, plays a central in maintaining animals healthy. As in vivo studies in dogs are more and more restricted by ethical, regulatory, societal, and cost reasons, an alternative option resides in the use of in vitro models simulating the different parts of the canine gastrointestinal tract. This review paper first introduces digestion and gut microbiota as key factors in dog nutrition and health, under both healthy and diseased conditions (obesity and inflammatory bowel disease), by highlighting when relevant similarities or differences between human and canine digestion process. Then, we provide for the first time an in-depth description of currently available models of the canine digestive tract, discuss technical and scientific challenges that need to be addressed and introduce potential applications of in vitro gut models in food and veterinary fields. Even if the development of some in vitro models remains limited by a lack of in vivo data in dogs necessary for a relevant configuration and validation, translation of long-term expertise on human in vitro gut models to dog's ecosystem opens avenues for canine in vitro gut model development and their adaptation to specific digestive conditions associated to various ages, sizes, breeds and/or diets, under both physiological and diseased states. Introduction Dogs in familial and economical contextsCanis lupus familiaris, also known as domesticated dogs, belongs to Canidae family. Dog is maybe the first animal domesticated by human around 12.000 years ago (Axelsson et al., 2013). Dogs were initially strict carnivores, but during the agricultural revolution, they have probably acquired the ability to digest starch and became facultative carnivores (Axelsson et al., 2013). Nowadays, canine species include approximatively 400 breeds with high morphological and size variabilities and weight ranging from 1 kg for a Chihuahua to 100 kg for a Saint-Bernard (Grandjean and Haymann, 2010). Pets, especially dogs, occupy a full place in the family and their health and well-being are therefore of paramount importance to their owners.Dogs are estimated to be more than 500 million worldwide, which represents a huge market for petfood and animal health industry. In 2018, global petfood market size reached $91.1 billion, representing 31% increase within 5 years, with the need of constantly innovate (e.g., food, probiotics and prebiotics) (Phillips-Donaldson, 2019). A vast array of foods, snacks and nutritional supplements have been recently developed to support well-being, health, improve aging or prevent diseases. According to increased interest of owners to maintain dog's health, petfood was adapted to fit each dog's lifestyle, for example for puppies or bitches, sedentary or active, maintenance diet or hypocaloric diet. Different types of canine food are available and can be classified in t...

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Section: Generalities On In Vitro Gut Models: Static Versus Dynamic A...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: In Vitro Models Of the Lower Gut: Batch And Continuous Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro models of the canine digestive tract as an alternative to in vivo assays: Advances and current challenges

Deschamps

2022

ALTEX

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“…Different studies have evaluated the microbial fermentation of these test substrates in dogs, both in vitro and in vivo (e.g. [6,13,[27][28][29][30][31][32][33]). However, the focus of the present study was to evaluate the fermentative capacity of food residues and to compare the effects with the microbial fermentation of the other test substrates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the present study, the test substrates were incubated for 24 hours, which is in accordance with the protocol of Vierbaum et al [13]. However, the incubation time in comparable studies varied from 3-72 hours [6,[27][28][29][30]33], making data comparison difficult.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In vitro digestion and microbial fermentation of dried food residues, a potential “new” component for pet food, and different non-digestible carbohydrate sources

et al. 2022

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Food residues are often fed to dogs in private households and might also be a potential “new” ingredient for pet food in the future. As food residues might contain not only digestible, but also fermentable substrates, an effect on the intestinal microbiota can be assumed. In the present study, two batches of dried food residues (DFR) collected from hotels in Crete were microbially fermented in an in vitro batch culture system with canine fecal inoculum: non-sterile DFR including meat (DFRm), sterile DFR including meat (DFRms) and sterile DFR without meat (DFRwms). Different non-digestible carbohydrate sources (beet pulp, wheat bran, inulin, carrot pomace, brewer´s spent grains, cellulose and lignocellulose) were included for comparison. Inulin, cellulose and lignocellulose were only used as raw materials, while the other test substrates were incubated as raw and enzymatically pre-digested substrates. After incubation for 24 hours, the raw food residues markedly increased the concentrations of bacterial metabolites in the fermenters, although smaller effects were observed for the DFRwms. When the enzymatically pre-digested food residues were incubated, the effects were more pronounced for the DFRms and DFRwms. In general, when compared with the other test substrates, the food residues were microbially fermented to a comparable or partly higher extent. Interestingly, high n-butyrate concentrations were measured in the inocula, both after incubation of the raw and pre-digested food residues. In conclusion, the food residues contained enzymatically digestible and microbially fermentable substrates. If considered as a potential future ingredient for pet food, a standardization of the collection and processing of food residues might be necessary in order to reduce compositional variability and varying effects on the intestinal microbiota.

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Canine Mucosal Artificial Colon: development of a new colonic in vitro model adapted to dog sizes

Deschamps,

Denis,

Humbert

et al. 2024

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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Differences in dog breed sizes are an important determinant of variations in digestive physiology, mainly related to the large intestine. In vitro gut models are increasingly used as alternatives to animal experiments for technical, cost, societal, and regulatory reasons. Up to now, only one in vitro model of the canine colon incorporates the dynamics of different canine gut regions, yet no adaptations exist to reproduce size-related digestive parameters. To address this limitation, we developed a new model of the canine colon, the CANIne Mucosal ARtificial COLon (CANIM-ARCOL), simulating main physiochemical (pH, transit time, anaerobiosis), nutritional (ileal effluent composition), and microbial (lumen and mucus-associated microbiota) parameters of this ecosystem and adapted to three dog sizes (i.e., small under 10 kg, medium 10–30 kg, and large over 30 kg). To validate the new model regarding microbiota composition and activities, in vitro fermentations were performed in bioreactors inoculated with stools from 13 dogs (4 small, 5 medium, and 4 large). After a stabilization period, microbiota profiles clearly clustered depending on dog size. Bacteroidota and Firmicutes abundances were positively correlated with dog size both in vitro and in vivo, while opposite trends were observed for Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria. As observed in vivo, microbial activity also increased with dog size in vitro, as evidenced from gas production, short-chain fatty acids, ammonia, and bile acid dehydroxylation. In line with the 3R regulation, CANIM-ARCOL could be a relevant platform to assess bilateral interactions between food and pharma compounds and gut microbiota, capturing inter-individual or breed variabilities. Key points • CANIM-ARCOL integrates main canine physicochemical and microbial colonic parameters • Gut microbiota associated to different dog sizes is accurately maintained in vitro • The model can help to move toward personalized approach considering dog body weight

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In vitro evaluation of the effects of Yucca schidigera and inulin on the fermentation potential of the faecal microbiota of dogs fed diets with low or high protein concentrations

Cited by 9 publications

References 34 publications

In vitro models of the canine digestive tract as an alternative to in vivo assays: Advances and current challenges

In vitro models of the canine digestive tract as an alternative to in vivo assays: Advances and current challenges

In vitro digestion and microbial fermentation of dried food residues, a potential “new” component for pet food, and different non-digestible carbohydrate sources

Canine Mucosal Artificial Colon: development of a new colonic in vitro model adapted to dog sizes

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