<i>In situ</i> investigation of perovskite solar cells’ efficiency and stability in a mimic stratospheric environment for high-altitude pseudo-satellites

Barbé, Jérémy; Pockett, Adam; Stoichkov, Vasil; Hughes, Declan; Lee, Harrison Ka Hin; Carnie, Matthew J.; Watson, Trystan

doi:10.1039/c9tc04984c

Cited by 23 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The temperature range required by American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics in their qualification testing [119] is −185 to 150 °C (88 to 423 K). This range exceeds that required by the IEC61215 terrestrial standard −40 to 85 °C, [41] and that used for testing perovskite cells for space application research to date: −85 to 20 °C, [56] and −193 to 27 °C. [59] Shi et al [118] recently showed that the presence of methyl ammonium (MA = CH 3 NH 3 ) in the cation component of the perovskite reduces their thermal stability while the presence of cesium (Cs) in the cation component is desirable reducing outgassing by five times.…”

Section: Thermal Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 78%

Deployment Opportunities for Space Photovoltaics and the Prospects for Perovskite Solar Cells

Ho‐Baillie

Sullivan

Bannerman

et al. 2021

Adv Materials Technologies

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systems currently being developed. A satellite internet constellation is a network of satellites orbiting in low-Earth orbit (LEO) to provide a global, continuous, low-latency, high bandwidth (broadband) internet service. The largest constellation planned so far is the SpaceX Starlink network with 42 000 LEO satellites. [1] In addition there is Amazon's Project Kuiper with 3236 LEO satellites, and the UK government's OneWeb containing 48 000 satellites. [2,3] Satellites are designed to operate for 3 to 4 years with ≈90-min day/night cycle. These systems require solar arrays to power each of the satellites that makeup the system. For the 42 000 Starlink satellites, estimates for solar power generation using 18% efficient devices [4] will be 316 MW (very conservative) or 526 MW using 30% efficient devices (Table S1, Supporting Information). This is for the currently planned SpaceX Starlink market alone, it is anticipated that solar power market for global internet constellations will be twice this amount approaching gigawatt (GW) level. As the focus for many of these satellites will be optimization on cost, there is an appetite for low cost cells with high specific power. As of July 2021 there is currently 5 MW of solar power being generated via currently deployed Starlink satellites. Space Settlement and ColonizationSpace settlement and colonization is the continuing presence of humans in space, beyond human spaceflight or operating space outposts. Although hypothetical at present, the construction of a space colony should be considered, keeping in mind a wide range of technological and economic challenges and possible solutions and research opportunities. The US National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Artemis program plans to permanently return humans to the Moon in 2024 and test the foundational technology for eventual human exploration of Mars [5] in the 2030's. In addition to government space programs the last 10 years has seen a major push from private individuals to accelerate the development of space technologies to allow for permanent colonization of space, the Moon, Mars, and beyond [6][7][8][9][10] . As the cost of launch has fallen by ≈23 times in the last decade [11] for sustainable commercialThe rapid progress in space exploration, mining, and tourism has been fuelled by both public and private sector investments. The latter has led to the need to reduce manufacturing and launch cost of space hardware to create a competitive and sustainable space economy. A major step in making space accessible is to develop affordable power systems for "commercial space" use. Photovoltaics has in the past and will in the future be a key component. Metal halide perovskite solar cells show the greatest potential of all emerging technologies for low-cost space photovoltaics. They have demonstrated the highest rate of power conversion efficiency improvement. Compared to the triple junction III-V compound semiconductor cells commonly used for space applications, perovskite cells have a higher power to weight ...

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Section: Thermal Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 78%

Deployment Opportunities for Space Photovoltaics and the Prospects for Perovskite Solar Cells

Ho‐Baillie

Sullivan

Bannerman

et al. 2021

Adv Materials Technologies

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“…on top of the device would even further improve the lifetime stability, which remains to be our future study. [ 33–35 ] The high consistency of our device could be explained by the high air stability of the constituent materials (ZnO, PEDOT:PSS and F8BT).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Self‐Powered Low‐Cost UVC Sensor Based on Organic‐Inorganic Heterojunction for Partial Discharge Detection

Park

Hur

2021

Small

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Power outages caused by the aging of high‐voltage power facilities can cause significant economic and social damage. To prevent such problems, it is necessary to implement a widespread and sustainable monitoring system. Partial discharge (PD) is a preliminary symptom of power equipment aging accompanying the light, typically in the UV range. UVC (200–280 nm) is more useful than UVA and UVB because of low interference from the environment owing to its solar‐blindness by the stratosphere. Therefore, to realize a wide‐range and durable diagnosis system, it is necessary to develop sensors that can selectively detect UVC, while enabling mass production at low‐cost and low power consumption. Here, a solution‐processable photodiode sensor that is inexpensive, mass‐producible, and self‐powered with selective UVC detection is developed. The optoelectronic characteristics of photodiode consisting of organic p‐polymer and inorganic n‐ZnO nanoparticles are systematically studied to determine the optimum p‐type polymer and its thickness. The device shows high‐performance: fast response time (rise/fall time: 36.6/37.0 ms) and high spectral response in the UVC region (maximum responsivity of 20 mA W−1) under self‐powered operation. Furthermore, the practical application of the device to detect PD signals with a visual alarm system under UVC release conditions is demonstrated.

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“…5 Perovskite/CIGS tandem solar cells are currently optimized for terrestrial PVs and have shown rapid progress, 20,22 with recent demonstration of flexible perovskite/CIGS tandem solar cells, 54 thereby rendering the above outlook achievable. Promising results by Barbé et al 55 and Brown et al 56 further suggest that perovskite single-junction devices can tolerate extreme temperature changes and operate well under low-intensity and low-temperature environments, both of which can be found in some space environments, albeit this needs to be verified for perovskite/CIGS tandems and their more complex layer stack. Thermo-mechanical stress from temperature cycling, diurnal cycles, and/or partial shading can cause additional degradation pathways, conditions that are equally present in space, high-altitude, and terrestrial environments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proton Radiation Hardness of Perovskite Tandem Photovoltaics

Lang

Jost

Frohna

et al. 2020

Joule

118

107

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We propose and test monolithic perovskite/CIGS tandem solar cells for readily stowable, ultra-lightweight space photovoltaics. We design operando and ex situ measurements to show that perovskite/CIGS tandem solar cells retain over 85% of their initial power-conversion efficiency after high-energy proton irradiation. While the perovskite sub-cell is unaffected after this bombardment, we identify increased non-radiative recombination in the CIGS bottom cell and nickel-oxide-based recombination layer. By contrast, monolithic perovskite/silicon-heterojunction cells degrade to 1% of their initial efficiency due to radiation-induced defects in silicon.

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In situ investigation of perovskite solar cells’ efficiency and stability in a mimic stratospheric environment for high-altitude pseudo-satellites

Abstract: Perovskite solar cells with high power-per-weight have great potential to be used for aerospace applications such as satellites or high-altitude pseudo-satellites.

Cited by 23 publications

References 29 publications

Deployment Opportunities for Space Photovoltaics and the Prospects for Perovskite Solar Cells

Deployment Opportunities for Space Photovoltaics and the Prospects for Perovskite Solar Cells

Self‐Powered Low‐Cost UVC Sensor Based on Organic‐Inorganic Heterojunction for Partial Discharge Detection

Proton Radiation Hardness of Perovskite Tandem Photovoltaics

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