E-Cinnamic Acid Derivatives and Phenolics from Chilean Strawberry Fruits, Fragaria chiloensis ssp. chiloensis

Abstract

Three E-cinnamic acid glycosides, tryptophan, and cyanidin-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside were isolated from ripe fruits of the Chilean strawberry Fragaria chiloensis ssp. chiloensis. 1-O-E-Cinnamoyl-beta-D-xylopyranoside, 1-O-E-cinnamoyl-beta-D-rhamnopyranoside, and 1-O-E-cinnamoyl-alpha-xylofuranosyl-(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranose are reported for the first time. The cinnamic acid glycosides and aromatic compound patterns in F. chiloensis fruits were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). HPLC analyses of extracts showed that cyanidin-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside and free ellagic acid are present in achenes while the E-cinnamoyl derivatives and tryptophan were identified only in the thalamus. The free radical scavenging effect of the fruit extract can be associated with the anthocyanin content.

Physicochemical Quality, Polyphenol Profiles, and Postharvest Performance of Florida Pearl® ‘FL 16.78-109’ White Strawberries Compared to the Red Cultivar ‘Florida Brilliance’

“…It has been shown that there is a considerable difference in anthocyanin (ANC) and total phenolic contents (TPC) between different strawberry cultivars, as well as variability in response to UV light exposure in terms of polyphenol accumulation [10,48,49]. In our study, total phenolic content (TPC) was, on average, at harvest, higher in Brilliance than in Pearl (Table 2) and comparable to the values reported by Cheel et al [50,51]. Red-fruited strawberry Fragaria vesca had a higher TPC (268.1 mg 100 g −1 FW) than the white strawberry F. chiloensis (106.3 mg 100 g −1 FW), while the TPC of the commercial cultivar ‘Chandler’ was approximately 150 mg 100 g −1 FW.…”

“…Similarly, Simirgiotis et al [16] reported that the ANC in 'Chandler' strawberries was 13 times higher than in the white-fruited F. chiloensis (27.9 and 2.20 100 g −1 FW, respectively). However, the amount of ANC measured in Pearl at harvest was much lower than the values previously reported by others [15,16,19,51], possibly due to cultivar and environmental differences. As the season progressed, there was an increase in the initial ANC of both strawberry cultivars, which agrees with the increased red coloration visually observed and the data obtained from analytical color measurements (Figures 1-3).…”

Physicochemical Quality, Polyphenol Profiles, and Postharvest Performance of Florida Pearl® ‘FL 16.78-109’ White Strawberries Compared to the Red Cultivar ‘Florida Brilliance’

“…It has been shown that there is a considerable difference in anthocyanin (ANC) and total phenolic contents (TPC) between different strawberry cultivars, as well as variability in response to UV light exposure in terms of polyphenol accumulation [10,48,49]. In our study, total phenolic content (TPC) was, on average, at harvest, higher in Brilliance than in Pearl (Table 2) and comparable to the values reported by Cheel et al [50,51]. Red-fruited strawberry Fragaria vesca had a higher TPC (268.1 mg 100 g −1 FW) than the white strawberry F. chiloensis (106.3 mg 100 g −1 FW), while the TPC of the commercial cultivar ‘Chandler’ was approximately 150 mg 100 g −1 FW.…”

“…Similarly, Simirgiotis et al [16] reported that the ANC in 'Chandler' strawberries was 13 times higher than in the white-fruited F. chiloensis (27.9 and 2.20 100 g −1 FW, respectively). However, the amount of ANC measured in Pearl at harvest was much lower than the values previously reported by others [15,16,19,51], possibly due to cultivar and environmental differences. As the season progressed, there was an increase in the initial ANC of both strawberry cultivars, which agrees with the increased red coloration visually observed and the data obtained from analytical color measurements (Figures 1-3).…”

Evolution of the taste-related and bioactive compound profiles of the external and internal tissues of strawberry fruits (Fragaria x ananassa) cv. ‘Clery’ during ripening

“…The presence of cinnamic-acid derivatives in strawberry fruits was noted in previous reports [24, 36]. The evolution of the cinnamic-acid derivative profile observed in the present study was completely different from that of all of the other compounds that were evaluated.…”

Free Radical Scavengers from Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf Plants Cultivated in Bioreactors by the Temporary Immersion (TIS) Principle

“…In fact in our study, the aminoacid l-glutamic acid, which was isolated from C. citratus cultures, showed a weak antioxidant activity. Other studies carried out with a wild strawberry (Cheel et al, 2005b) and Smallanthus sonchifolius root (Yan et al, 1999) showed the relevant antioxidant activity of non-phenolic metabolites as l-tryptophan.…”

Physicochemical Quality, Polyphenol Profiles, and Postharvest Performance of Florida Pearl® ‘FL 16.78-109’ White Strawberries Compared to the Red Cultivar ‘Florida Brilliance’

“…It has been shown that there is a considerable difference in anthocyanin (ANC) and total phenolic contents (TPC) between different strawberry cultivars, as well as variability in response to UV light exposure in terms of polyphenol accumulation [10,48,49]. In our study, total phenolic content (TPC) was, on average, at harvest, higher in Brilliance than in Pearl (Table 2) and comparable to the values reported by Cheel et al [50,51]. Red-fruited strawberry Fragaria vesca had a higher TPC (268.1 mg 100 g −1 FW) than the white strawberry F. chiloensis (106.3 mg 100 g −1 FW), while the TPC of the commercial cultivar ‘Chandler’ was approximately 150 mg 100 g −1 FW.…”

“…Similarly, Simirgiotis et al [16] reported that the ANC in 'Chandler' strawberries was 13 times higher than in the white-fruited F. chiloensis (27.9 and 2.20 100 g −1 FW, respectively). However, the amount of ANC measured in Pearl at harvest was much lower than the values previously reported by others [15,16,19,51], possibly due to cultivar and environmental differences. As the season progressed, there was an increase in the initial ANC of both strawberry cultivars, which agrees with the increased red coloration visually observed and the data obtained from analytical color measurements (Figures 1-3).…”

Evolution of the taste-related and bioactive compound profiles of the external and internal tissues of strawberry fruits (Fragaria x ananassa) cv. ‘Clery’ during ripening

“…The presence of cinnamic-acid derivatives in strawberry fruits was noted in previous reports [24, 36]. The evolution of the cinnamic-acid derivative profile observed in the present study was completely different from that of all of the other compounds that were evaluated.…”

Free Radical Scavengers from Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf Plants Cultivated in Bioreactors by the Temporary Immersion (TIS) Principle

“…In fact in our study, the aminoacid l-glutamic acid, which was isolated from C. citratus cultures, showed a weak antioxidant activity. Other studies carried out with a wild strawberry (Cheel et al, 2005b) and Smallanthus sonchifolius root (Yan et al, 1999) showed the relevant antioxidant activity of non-phenolic metabolites as l-tryptophan.…”

Physicochemical Quality, Polyphenol Profiles, and Postharvest Performance of Florida Pearl® ‘FL 16.78-109’ White Strawberries Compared to the Red Cultivar ‘Florida Brilliance’

“…It has been shown that there is a considerable difference in anthocyanin (ANC) and total phenolic contents (TPC) between different strawberry cultivars, as well as variability in response to UV light exposure in terms of polyphenol accumulation [10,48,49]. In our study, total phenolic content (TPC) was, on average, at harvest, higher in Brilliance than in Pearl (Table 2) and comparable to the values reported by Cheel et al [50,51]. Red-fruited strawberry Fragaria vesca had a higher TPC (268.1 mg 100 g −1 FW) than the white strawberry F. chiloensis (106.3 mg 100 g −1 FW), while the TPC of the commercial cultivar ‘Chandler’ was approximately 150 mg 100 g −1 FW.…”

“…Similarly, Simirgiotis et al [16] reported that the ANC in 'Chandler' strawberries was 13 times higher than in the white-fruited F. chiloensis (27.9 and 2.20 100 g −1 FW, respectively). However, the amount of ANC measured in Pearl at harvest was much lower than the values previously reported by others [15,16,19,51], possibly due to cultivar and environmental differences. As the season progressed, there was an increase in the initial ANC of both strawberry cultivars, which agrees with the increased red coloration visually observed and the data obtained from analytical color measurements (Figures 1-3).…”

Evolution of the taste-related and bioactive compound profiles of the external and internal tissues of strawberry fruits (Fragaria x ananassa) cv. ‘Clery’ during ripening

“…The presence of cinnamic-acid derivatives in strawberry fruits was noted in previous reports [24, 36]. The evolution of the cinnamic-acid derivative profile observed in the present study was completely different from that of all of the other compounds that were evaluated.…”

Free Radical Scavengers from Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf Plants Cultivated in Bioreactors by the Temporary Immersion (TIS) Principle

“…In fact in our study, the aminoacid l-glutamic acid, which was isolated from C. citratus cultures, showed a weak antioxidant activity. Other studies carried out with a wild strawberry (Cheel et al, 2005b) and Smallanthus sonchifolius root (Yan et al, 1999) showed the relevant antioxidant activity of non-phenolic metabolites as l-tryptophan.…”