I Am Proud of My National Identity and I Am Superior To You: The Role of Nationalism in Knowledge and Misinformation

Chen, Kaiping; Shao, Anqi; Jin, Yepeng; Ng, Aaron

doi:10.2139/ssrn.3758287

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…We assessed the knowledge about vaccines and scientific literacy with an established instrument [ 31 , 32 , 33 ]. Based on recent studies [ 25 , 27 , 34 ], we developed an updated instrument to measure nationalism, including a well-established measure [ 26 ] and similar questions judging citizens’ loyalty to their government amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. We pre-tested the questionnaire, and the final Cronbach’s alpha of the survey was 0.92.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If any VP is administered in China, it is essentially a government initiative, while nationalism centrally measures people’s embrace of their government [ 26 ]. Given the rising nationalism discourses in China since the debut of the pandemic [ 27 , 28 , 29 ], it is meaningful to expect that people’s nationalism level should be associated with their attitude to VP. Similarly, their perception of the national benefit of COVID-19 vaccination should also play such a positive role.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Passport to a Mighty Nation: Exploring Sociocultural Foundation of Chinese Public’s Attitude to COVID-19 Vaccine Certificates

Jia

Xie

2021

IJERPH

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Vaccination against COVID-19 is essential against the pandemic. There are broad discussions on adopting certificates for vaccination and the immunity obtained after infection. Based on a national sample of over 2000 participants administered in April 2021, the current study examines the Chinese public’s attitudes to the so-called COVID-19 vaccination passport and factors contributing to their viewpoints. Generally, the Chinese people had favorable opinions on the passport. Among possible contributing factors, income, personal benefit perception, the subjective norm of COVID-19 vaccination, and nationalism were significantly associated with the public’s positive attitude. At the same time, general vaccine knowledge and scientific literacy had an inconstant effect. Echoing recent studies, these findings reveal a collectivism-oriented attitude of the Chinese public towards the proposal to certify vaccination publicly. Theoretical and practical implications of the results were discussed.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Passport to a Mighty Nation: Exploring Sociocultural Foundation of Chinese Public’s Attitude to COVID-19 Vaccine Certificates

Jia

Xie

2021

IJERPH

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“…Importantly, these emotions not only affect attention and sharing behaviors but also affect how individuals evaluate information. Attaching emotions to information facilitates that information's retrieval from memory (Nabi et al, 2018) and affects cognitive processing (Kühne and Schemer, 2015;Lee and Chen, 2020;Chen et al, 2021). Angry individuals are more likely to rely on heuristic or biased information processing that support their prior beliefs, leading to greater belief in identitysupporting misinformation (Weeks, 2015).…”

Section: Emotion and (Mis) Information Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Platform Effects on Alternative Influencer Content: Understanding How Audiences and Channels Shape Misinformation Online

2021

Self Cite

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People are increasingly exposed to science and political information from social media. One consequence is that these sites play host to “alternative influencers,” who spread misinformation. However, content posted by alternative influencers on different social media platforms is unlikely to be homogenous. Our study uses computational methods to investigate how dimensions we refer to as audience and channel of social media platforms influence emotion and topics in content posted by “alternative influencers” on different platforms. Using COVID-19 as an example, we find that alternative influencers’ content contained more anger and fear words on Facebook and Twitter compared to YouTube. We also found that these actors discussed substantively different topics in their COVID-19 content on YouTube compared to Twitter and Facebook. With these findings, we discuss how the audience and channel of different social media platforms affect alternative influencers’ ability to spread misinformation online.

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“…Misinformation circulates more readily among homogenous groups or “echo chambers” [ 21 ], and misinformation with culturally specific language to promote “in-group identity” may receive higher engagement [ 22 , 23 ]. Messages broadcasting cultural pride may therefore be more readily amplified within relatively insular groups of South Asian users.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19–Associated Misinformation Across the South Asian Diaspora: Qualitative Study of WhatsApp Messages

Sharma¹,

Khosla²,

Potharaju³

et al. 2023

JMIR Infodemiology

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Background South Asians, inclusive of individuals originating in India, Pakistan, Maldives, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Bhutan, and Nepal, comprise the largest diaspora in the world, with large South Asian communities residing in the Caribbean, Africa, Europe, and elsewhere. There is evidence that South Asian communities have disproportionately experienced COVID-19 infections and mortality. WhatsApp, a free messaging app, is widely used in transnational communication within the South Asian diaspora. Limited studies exist on COVID-19–related misinformation specific to the South Asian community on WhatsApp. Understanding communication on WhatsApp may improve public health messaging to address COVID-19 disparities among South Asian communities worldwide. Objective We developed the COVID-19–Associated misinfoRmation On Messaging apps (CAROM) study to identify messages containing misinformation about COVID-19 shared via WhatsApp. Methods We collected messages forwarded globally through WhatsApp from self-identified South Asian community members between March 23 and June 3, 2021. We excluded messages that were in languages other than English, did not contain misinformation, or were not relevant to COVID-19. We deidentified each message and coded them for one or more content categories, media types (eg, video, image, text, web link, or a combination of these elements), and tone (eg, fearful, well intentioned, or pleading). We then performed a qualitative content analysis to arrive at key themes of COVID-19 misinformation. Results We received 108 messages; 55 messages met the inclusion criteria for the final analytic sample; 32 (58%) contained text, 15 (27%) contained images, and 13 (24%) contained video. Content analysis revealed the following themes: “community transmission” relating to misinformation on how COVID-19 spreads in the community; “prevention” and “treatment,” including Ayurvedic and traditional remedies for how to prevent or treat COVID-19 infection; and messaging attempting to sell “products or services” to prevent or cure COVID-19. Messages varied in audience from the general public to South Asians specifically; the latter included messages alluding to South Asian pride and solidarity. Scientific jargon and references to major organizations and leaders in health care were included to provide credibility. Messages with a pleading tone encouraged users to forward them to friends or family. Conclusions Misinformation in the South Asian community on WhatsApp spreads erroneous ideas regarding disease transmission, prevention, and treatment. Content evoking solidarity, “trustworthy” sources, and encouragement to forward messages may increase the spread of misinformation. Public health outlets and social media companies must actively combat misinformation to address health disparities among the South Asian diaspora during the COVID-19 pandemic and in future public health emergencies.

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I Am Proud of My National Identity and I Am Superior To You: The Role of Nationalism in Knowledge and Misinformation

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Passport to a Mighty Nation: Exploring Sociocultural Foundation of Chinese Public’s Attitude to COVID-19 Vaccine Certificates

Passport to a Mighty Nation: Exploring Sociocultural Foundation of Chinese Public’s Attitude to COVID-19 Vaccine Certificates

Platform Effects on Alternative Influencer Content: Understanding How Audiences and Channels Shape Misinformation Online

COVID-19–Associated Misinformation Across the South Asian Diaspora: Qualitative Study of WhatsApp Messages

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