Hypoplastic Coronary Artery Disease Presenting with Ventricular Fibrillation Cardiac Arrest

Guo, Abra; Bakhshi, Hooman; O'Hara, James M.; Genovese, Leonard; Fein, Adam S.; Maghsoudi, Alireza; Sandesara, Chirag

doi:10.12890/2021_002736

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Hypoplastic coronary artery disease (HCAD) represents a congenital anomaly characterized by the inadequate development or diminutive size of at least one of the principal coronary arteries or one of its branches, often accompanied by luminal constriction or abbreviated course [8]. This description underscores the pathological significance of HCAD in contributing to coronary insufficiency and potential cardiovascular sequelae.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This description underscores the pathological significance of HCAD in contributing to coronary insufficiency and potential cardiovascular sequelae. Its initial documentation dates back to 1970 [8]. However, although recognized over five decades ago, HCAD remains relatively underexplored in the medical literature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among various other coronary abnormalities, the prevalence of HCAD remains elusive, with fewer than 30 case reports documented in the literature. In this limited pool of reported cases, the right coronary artery (RCA) and left circumflex artery (LCX) are commonly implicated [8]. Nevertheless, to date, no study has elucidated the mortality rates associated with hypoplastic coronary arteries.…”

Section: Introduction 1backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Casting Light on The Hidden Prevalence: A Novel Perspective on Hypoplastic Coronary Artery Disease

Zamfir,

Stătescu,

Sascău

et al. 2024

JCM

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Background and Objectives: Coronary artery anomalies (CAAs) represent a group of rare cardiac abnormalities with an incidence of up to 1.2%. The aim of this retrospective study was to conduct a comprehensive epidemiological assessment of the prevalence of hypoplastic coronary arteries using coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) in patients with diagnosed CAAs and individuals presenting with cardiovascular manifestations in the north-eastern region of Romania. This study was motivated by the limited investigation of the CAAs conducted in this area. Methods: We analyzed data collected from 12,758 coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) records available at the “Prof. Dr. George I.M. Georgescu” Cardiovascular Diseases Institute, spanning the years 2012 to 2022. Results: Among 350 individuals with CAAs (2.7% of the total cohort), 71 patients (20.3% of the anomaly presenting group and 0.5% of the entire CCTA cohort) exhibited at least one hypoplastic coronary artery. The mean age of individuals diagnosed with hypoplastic coronary artery disease (HCAD) was 61 years, while the age distribution among them ranged from 22 to 84 years. Nearly equal cases of right and left dominance (33 and 31, respectively) were observed, with only 7 cases of co-dominance. Conclusions: HCAD may be considered underexplored in current published research, despite its potentially significant implications ranging to an increased risk of sudden cardiac arrest. The specific prevalence of HCAD among CAAs might be higher than previously reported, possibly reflecting better diagnostic accuracy of CCTA over classic coronary imaging. The absence of standard diagnostic and therapeutic protocols for HCAD underscores the necessity of a personalized approach for such cases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introduction 1backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Casting Light on The Hidden Prevalence: A Novel Perspective on Hypoplastic Coronary Artery Disease

Zamfir,

Stătescu,

Sascău

et al. 2024

JCM

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“… 8 , 10 Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators are useful for aborting sudden cardiac death as secondary prevention. 7 , 14 , 15 , 24 Patients with HCAD who develop ischemic cardiomyopathy and end-stage cardiac failure may need a heart transplant. 21 Although HCAD is an entity with potential in vivo diagnosis, most cases are unveiled during autopsy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypoplastic coronary artery disease, as a cause of sudden death

Sangita¹,

Yadav²,

Chaurasia³

et al. 2023

Autops Case Rep

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Hypoplastic coronary artery disease (HCAD) is a rare coronary artery anomaly that may be the cause of sudden death. It can involve a single or all coronary arteries. This anomaly may cause circulatory insufficiency leading to myocardial infarction. HCAD has no symptoms or may exhibit cardiovascular signs like syncope, dyspnea, chest discomfort, or dizziness. It is often diagnosed at autopsy, and early diagnosis is made with a coronary angiogram. We report HCAD as the cause of the sudden death of a 25-year-old female with a history of loss of consciousness following exertion. On autopsy, all the coronary arteries’ lumen was narrowed with thin vessel walls. Histopathological examination shows an underdeveloped and missing muscular layer of the left anterior descending and circumflex coronary arteries’ vascular wall. Many cases of HCAD diagnosed by radiographic imaging in living patients have been reported in the literature, but a structural anomaly of coronaries leading to HCAD has not been reported. We report a case of HCAD describing the histopathological examination findings of the vascular wall of coronary vessels illustrating the structural difference.

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Hypoplastic Coronary Artery Disease Presenting with Ventricular Fibrillation Cardiac Arrest

Cited by 2 publications

References 9 publications

Casting Light on The Hidden Prevalence: A Novel Perspective on Hypoplastic Coronary Artery Disease

Casting Light on The Hidden Prevalence: A Novel Perspective on Hypoplastic Coronary Artery Disease

Hypoplastic coronary artery disease, as a cause of sudden death

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