Hypocalcemia. Differential diagnosis and mechanisms

Clinical Predictors and Outcome of Metabolic Acidosis in Under-Five Children Admitted to an Urban Hospital in Bangladesh with Diarrhea and Pneumonia

“…Moreover, frequent observation of abdominal distension and vomiting in hypocalcaemic severely-malnourished children is the cardinal feature of ileus in such children (6,21), which possibly contributes to lethargy. This explains the frequent observation of lethargy in hypocalcaemic severely-malnourished children, which is consistent with earlier reports (21,23). …”

Clinical Predictors and Outcome of Metabolic Acidosis in Under-Five Children Admitted to an Urban Hospital in Bangladesh with Diarrhea and Pneumonia

“…Moreover, frequent observation of abdominal distension and vomiting in hypocalcaemic severely-malnourished children is the cardinal feature of ileus in such children (6,21), which possibly contributes to lethargy. This explains the frequent observation of lethargy in hypocalcaemic severely-malnourished children, which is consistent with earlier reports (21,23). …”

Treatment for the decline of ionized calcium levels during peripheral blood progenitor cell harvesting

“…In the present study, within 60 minutes of the start of apheresis, the absolute value of ICa was not significantly related to the appearance of hypocalcemic symptoms; but, the ICa value after 60 or more minutes of apheresis was significantly lower in the symptomatic group than in the asymptomatic group. However, there is an opinion that the rapid decrease of ICa causes hypocalcemic symptoms 12 . In this study, ICa in the symptomatic group significantly decreased after 30 to 90 minutes as compared with the asymptomatic group.…”

“…According to Szymanski, 11 because the serum citric acid concentration is in inverse proportion to ICa at the time of plateletpheresis, the decrease of ICa is thought to be caused by infused citrate. Hypocalcemic symptoms (e.g., tetany, dysesthesia, twitch of muscles, convulsive seizure, hypotension, cardiac arrest) that sometimes arise during apheresis are mainly due to the accumulation of citric acid and reduction in ICa 5,6,12 . In the PBPC harvesting procedures of this study, the reduction in ICa did not reach a dangerous level (<0.4 m M ) 5 .…”

Having the vision to measure calcium

“…The presence of classical features of hypocalcaemia largely depends on the rapidity with which hypocalcaemia develops. These may be absent despite quantitatively severe hypocalcaemia [10,11]. In the present case, hypocalcaemia had probably been present for a number of years.…”

Clinical Predictors and Outcome of Metabolic Acidosis in Under-Five Children Admitted to an Urban Hospital in Bangladesh with Diarrhea and Pneumonia

“…Moreover, frequent observation of abdominal distension and vomiting in hypocalcaemic severely-malnourished children is the cardinal feature of ileus in such children (6,21), which possibly contributes to lethargy. This explains the frequent observation of lethargy in hypocalcaemic severely-malnourished children, which is consistent with earlier reports (21,23). …”

Treatment for the decline of ionized calcium levels during peripheral blood progenitor cell harvesting

“…In the present study, within 60 minutes of the start of apheresis, the absolute value of ICa was not significantly related to the appearance of hypocalcemic symptoms; but, the ICa value after 60 or more minutes of apheresis was significantly lower in the symptomatic group than in the asymptomatic group. However, there is an opinion that the rapid decrease of ICa causes hypocalcemic symptoms 12 . In this study, ICa in the symptomatic group significantly decreased after 30 to 90 minutes as compared with the asymptomatic group.…”

“…According to Szymanski, 11 because the serum citric acid concentration is in inverse proportion to ICa at the time of plateletpheresis, the decrease of ICa is thought to be caused by infused citrate. Hypocalcemic symptoms (e.g., tetany, dysesthesia, twitch of muscles, convulsive seizure, hypotension, cardiac arrest) that sometimes arise during apheresis are mainly due to the accumulation of citric acid and reduction in ICa 5,6,12 . In the PBPC harvesting procedures of this study, the reduction in ICa did not reach a dangerous level (<0.4 m M ) 5 .…”

Having the vision to measure calcium

“…The presence of classical features of hypocalcaemia largely depends on the rapidity with which hypocalcaemia develops. These may be absent despite quantitatively severe hypocalcaemia [10,11]. In the present case, hypocalcaemia had probably been present for a number of years.…”

Clinical Predictors and Outcome of Metabolic Acidosis in Under-Five Children Admitted to an Urban Hospital in Bangladesh with Diarrhea and Pneumonia

“…Moreover, frequent observation of abdominal distension and vomiting in hypocalcaemic severely-malnourished children is the cardinal feature of ileus in such children (6,21), which possibly contributes to lethargy. This explains the frequent observation of lethargy in hypocalcaemic severely-malnourished children, which is consistent with earlier reports (21,23). …”

Treatment for the decline of ionized calcium levels during peripheral blood progenitor cell harvesting

“…In the present study, within 60 minutes of the start of apheresis, the absolute value of ICa was not significantly related to the appearance of hypocalcemic symptoms; but, the ICa value after 60 or more minutes of apheresis was significantly lower in the symptomatic group than in the asymptomatic group. However, there is an opinion that the rapid decrease of ICa causes hypocalcemic symptoms 12 . In this study, ICa in the symptomatic group significantly decreased after 30 to 90 minutes as compared with the asymptomatic group.…”

“…According to Szymanski, 11 because the serum citric acid concentration is in inverse proportion to ICa at the time of plateletpheresis, the decrease of ICa is thought to be caused by infused citrate. Hypocalcemic symptoms (e.g., tetany, dysesthesia, twitch of muscles, convulsive seizure, hypotension, cardiac arrest) that sometimes arise during apheresis are mainly due to the accumulation of citric acid and reduction in ICa 5,6,12 . In the PBPC harvesting procedures of this study, the reduction in ICa did not reach a dangerous level (<0.4 m M ) 5 .…”

Having the vision to measure calcium

“…The presence of classical features of hypocalcaemia largely depends on the rapidity with which hypocalcaemia develops. These may be absent despite quantitatively severe hypocalcaemia [10,11]. In the present case, hypocalcaemia had probably been present for a number of years.…”