Hypertension in women

Rosenthal, Ted L.; Oparil, S.

doi:10.1038/sj.jhh.1001095

Cited by 73 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…The influence of menopause on BP is difficult to evaluate because menopause coincides with aging [30]. Some studies have reported a strong association between BP and menopause, but other studies have not [30,31]. We found that mean SBP and DBP did not differ significantly between pre-and postmenopausal women after adjusting for age.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 41%

“…In the present study we failed to detect an association between anthropometric measurements including BMI and WC and menopause result similar to that found in other studies [12,26,29]. The influence of menopause on BP is difficult to evaluate because menopause coincides with aging [30]. Some studies have reported a strong association between BP and menopause, but other studies have not [30,31].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 38%

“…We excluded also smoker subjects because of the limited size of this group (42) and in order to eliminate the possible implication of smoking in the relationship between menopause and MS. For the analysis of the effect of menopause, we excluded those who had missing data regarding menopause, including premature menopause induced by surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation (62), and those who currently used hormone replacement therapy (HRT) (30). These exclusions were done in order to homogenize data for all participants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Menopause and metabolic syndrome in Tunisian women

Ali¹,

Belfki²,

Skhiri³

et al. 2012

Revue d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique

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Objectives. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of menopausal status on the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Tunisian women. Methods. We analyzed a total of 2680 women aged between 35 and 70 years. Blood pressure, anthropometric indices, fasting glucose, and lipid profile were measured. The MetS was assessed by the modified NCEP-ATPIII definition. Results. The mean values of waist circumference, blood pressure, plasma lipids, and fasting glucose were significantly higher in postmenopausal than in premenopausal women, a difference that was no longer present when adjusting for age. Except for hypertriglyceridaemia, the frequency of central obesity, hyperglycemia, high blood pressure, and high total cholesterol was significantly higher in postmenopausal than in premenopausal women. After adjusting for age, the significance persisted only for hyperglycemia. The overall prevalence of MetS was 35.9%, higher in postmenopausal (45.7% versus 25.6%) than in premenopausal women. A binary logistic regression analysis showed that menopause was independently associated with MetS (OR = 1.41, 95% CI 1.10-1.82) after adjusting for age, residence area, marital status, family history of cardiovascular disease, education level, and occupation. Conclusions. The present study provides evidence that the MetS is highly prevalent in this group of women. Menopause can be a predictor of MetS independent of age in Tunisian women.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 41%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 38%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Menopause and metabolic syndrome in Tunisian women

Ali¹,

Belfki²,

Skhiri³

et al. 2012

Revue d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Post-menopausal women have a higher prevalence of hypertension than pre-menopausal women [10][11][12], and are consequently at an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. High blood pressure is a modifiable risk factor, as reductions can lower the incidence of stroke and coronary heart disease (CHD).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in hormone replacement therapy with drospirenone, a unique progestogen with aldosterone receptor antagonism

2006

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Unlike other currently available progestogens, drospirenone (DRSP) has a pharmacological profile, which closely mimics that of endogenous progesterone, most notably potent anti-aldosterone and anti-androgenic effects. Consequently, DRSP, when combined with 17β-estradiol (E2) as hormone replacement therapy (HRT), offsets E2-related water and sodium retention by blocking the mineralocorticoid receptor. This review evaluates the potential benefits offered by DRSP as the progestin component of HRT with respect to its anti-aldosterone activity, which translates into positive effects on body weight and blood pressure in clinical trials of continuous, combined E2/DRSP in post-menopausal women. In a 1 -year, large-scale, randomised, controlled trial, E2 1 mg/DRSP 2 mg significantly decreased mean body weight by 1.2 kg versus baseline (P < 0.001), whereas patients receiving E2 1 mg gained weight. E2 1 mg/DRSP 2 mg also significantly lowered mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) by 9.0 mmHg from baseline (P < 0.05) versus 3.7 mmHg in the E2 1 mg group (P = 0.220) in a sub-group of hypertensive women. In addition, E2/DRSP was not associated with hyperkalemia (potassium ≥ 5.5 meq/L) irrespective of concomitant use of ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor antagonists or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and co-morbid diabetes mellitus. In summary, as well as effectively treating climacteric symptoms, DRSP 2 mg combined with E2 1 mg has shown positive effects on body weight and blood pressure in clinical trials, most likely due to DRSP's anti-aldosterone properties. This combination may therefore offer an alternative therapeutic option with additional benefits beyond current HRT agents for symptomatic postmenopausal women.

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“…In contrast, most studies of synthetic progestins for contraception or hormone therapy have revealed a BP-elevating effect. Oral contraceptives in particular appear to precipitate or accelerate hypertension (Rosenthal et al, 2000).…”

Section: Progestin Effects On Blood Pressurementioning

confidence: 99%