Hypergolic ionic liquids to mill, suspend, and ignite boron nanoparticles

McCrary, Parker D.; Beasley, Preston A.; Cojocaru, O. Andreea; Schneider, Stefan; Hawkins, Tommy; Perez, Jesus Paulo L.; McMahon, Brandon W.; Pfeil, Mark A.; Boatz, Jerry A.; Anderson, Scott L.; Son, Steven F.; Rogers, Robin D.

doi:10.1039/c2cc30957b

Cited by 70 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…We have investigated the use of boron(0) nanoparticles and, later, n ‐decaborane (B 10 H 14 ) to increase the energy density and reduce ignition delay of hypergolic ILs. We found that B 10 H 14 reacted with the ILs to form hypergolic boron hydride ions and isolated salts of [B 9 H 14 ] − with 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium ([C 2 mim] + ) and N ‐butyl‐ N ‐methylpyrrolidinium ([C 4 mpyrr] + ), and these salts induced hypergolicity in nonhypergolic liquids.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and Theoretical Study of Salts of the [B₉H₁₄]⁻ Ion: Isolation of Multiple Isomers and Implications for Energy Storage

et al. 2016

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Boranes and boron hydrides are well known for their novel molecular structures and useful chemical reactivity, with [B9H14]− notable in particular for its ease of isolation, unusual structure, and tautomerization. We report an experimental and theoretical investigation of the structure of [B9H14]− and the energetics of some of its reactions. Salts of [B9H14]− with 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium and N‐butyl‐N‐methylpyrrolidinium were characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction and demonstrate the stabilization of an isomer of [B9H14]− not previously observed in the solid state. Heats of formation and acid dissociation constants of [B9H14]− and closely related structures were calculated. The results suggest a mechanism for particularly energetic hypergolic ignition induced by protonation and suggest potential for reversible H2 storage. These results encourage further investigation of [B9H14]− as an energy‐storage medium in ionic systems.

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and Theoretical Study of Salts of the [B₉H₁₄]⁻ Ion: Isolation of Multiple Isomers and Implications for Energy Storage

et al. 2016

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“…Further, Rogers et al. have demonstrated that boron nanoparticles are high‐performance fuel additives for propellant applications, which can improve the flame performance of hypergolic ionic liquids to some extent 22. However, it has been shown that the presence of boron nanoparticles did not change the ID times for the hypergolic ionic liquids and only resulted in a small enhancement of the burn flame, which might be attributed to the boron ignition during the hypergolic reaction.…”

Section: Boron Chemistry: New Opportunity For Hypergolic Ionic Liquidmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionic Liquid Propellants: Future Fuels for Space Propulsion

Zhang¹,

Shreeve²

2013

Chemistry A European J

104

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Use of green propellants is a trend for future space propulsion. Hypergolic ionic liquid propellants, which are environmentally-benign while exhibiting energetic performances comparable to hydrazine, have shown great potential to meet the requirements of developing nontoxic high-performance propellant formulations for space propulsion applications. This Concept article presents a review of recent advances in the field of ionic liquid propellants.

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“…It is less sensitive to water in comparison with [BH 4 ] − and [Al(BH 4 ) 4 ] − . Also, boron is a source of energy as boron nanomaterials or elemental boron with hydrogen helps in the ignition of the fuel . By taking the advantage, it was focused on the [BH 3 CN] − and [DCA] − anions with pyridinium cation, which are thermally and chemically stable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypergolic Behavior of Pyridinium Salts Containing Cyanoborohydride and Dicyanamide Anions with Oxidizer RFNA

Bhosale

Kulkarni

2016

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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A series of low‐cost, pyridinium cation‐based hypergolic ionic liquids (HIL) containing amine, butyl, or allyl substituents with cyanoborohydride [BH3CN]− and dicyanamide [DCA]− anions were developed and characterized. The investigated physicochemical properties include melting and decomposition temperature, viscosity, density, heat of formation (ΔHf) and specific impulse (Isp). The ignition delay (ID) of all HILs was tested with the oxidizer RFNA. The HIL, 1‐allyl 4‐amino pyridinium dicyanamide, exhibited highest density (1.139 g cm−3) amongst the known pyridinium HILs. The heats of formation predicted on the basis of Gaussian 09 suit programs were within the range of − 30 to 356 kJ mol−1. The structure of HIL, 1‐butyl 4‐aminopyridinium cyanoborohydride, was examined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, which revealed hydrogen bonding between anion and cation as N1−H1N⋅⋅⋅N3=2.07 Å, N1−H2N⋅⋅⋅H1B1=2.18 Å, and N1−H2N⋅⋅⋅H2B1=2.21 Å, respectively. HIL (1‐allyl 4‐aminopyridiniun cyanoborohydride) exhibited highest Isp of 228 s amongst the designed series.

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Hypergolic ionic liquids to mill, suspend, and ignite boron nanoparticles

Cited by 70 publications

References 17 publications

Structural and Theoretical Study of Salts of the [B₉H₁₄]⁻ Ion: Isolation of Multiple Isomers and Implications for Energy Storage

Structural and Theoretical Study of Salts of the [B₉H₁₄]⁻ Ion: Isolation of Multiple Isomers and Implications for Energy Storage

Ionic Liquid Propellants: Future Fuels for Space Propulsion

Hypergolic Behavior of Pyridinium Salts Containing Cyanoborohydride and Dicyanamide Anions with Oxidizer RFNA

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Hypergolic ionic liquids to mill, suspend, and ignite boron nanoparticles

Cited by 70 publications

References 17 publications

Structural and Theoretical Study of Salts of the [B9H14]− Ion: Isolation of Multiple Isomers and Implications for Energy Storage

Structural and Theoretical Study of Salts of the [B9H14]− Ion: Isolation of Multiple Isomers and Implications for Energy Storage

Ionic Liquid Propellants: Future Fuels for Space Propulsion

Hypergolic Behavior of Pyridinium Salts Containing Cyanoborohydride and Dicyanamide Anions with Oxidizer RFNA

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Product

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Structural and Theoretical Study of Salts of the [B₉H₁₄]⁻ Ion: Isolation of Multiple Isomers and Implications for Energy Storage

Structural and Theoretical Study of Salts of the [B₉H₁₄]⁻ Ion: Isolation of Multiple Isomers and Implications for Energy Storage