Hydrogenation properties of nanocrystalline Mg- and Mg2Ni-based compounds modified with platinum group metals (PGMs)

Gutfleisch, Oliver; Boer, N. Schlorke-de; Ismail, N.; Herrich, M.; Walton, Allan; Speight, J.D.; Harris, I.R.; Pratt, Allin; Züttel, Andreas

doi:10.1016/s0925-8388(02)01283-5

Cited by 41 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In a series of papers by different research groups, it was shown that particle size is probably the dominant factor of the enhanced kinetics of ball-milled magnesium hydride [207][208][209][210][211][212][213]. In order to further increase the hydrogen sorption kinetics, a wide range of catalysts has been tested, such as palladium and other transition metals [204,[214][215][216][217][218][219][220], or metal hydrides such as LaNi 5 and TiFe [221][222][223]. In fact, it has been observed that milling magnesium with metal oxides gives as good and even faster hydrogenation kinetics than their metallic counterpart [224,225].…”

Section: Hydrogen Sorption Kineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal Hydrides

Huot

2010

Handbook of Hydrogen Storage

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Metal hydrides are promising candidates for many stationary and mobile hydrogen storage applications. Presently, the most common use of metal hydrides is as anode material in commercial nickel-metal hydrides (Ni-MH) rechargeable batteries which have replaced conventional nickel-cadmium batteries in many applications. A wide variety of Ni-MH batteries are now on the market with cell sizes ranging from 30 mAh to 250 Ah [1,2]. Some other applications are: hydrogen compression [3], aircraft fire-detectors [4], isotope separation [5], and hydrogen getters for microelectronic packages. Hydride formation is also used in the HDDR process (hydrogenation-disproportionation-desorption-recombination) for the synthesis of magnetic materials such as Nd 2 Fe 14 B [6]. A striking application is as a component of cryocoolers for the ESA Planck mission [7]. Another exciting new application is the use of metal hydrides for switchable mirrors [8]. As we can see, metal hydrides have a wide range of applications. However, most research and development is targeted towards two applications: batteries and hydrogen storage. The former is now widely exploited but the latter is still facing many technical problems. The main advantages of storing hydrogen in a metal hydride are the high hydrogen volumetric densities (sometimes higher than in liquid hydrogen) and the possibility to absorb and desorb hydrogen with a small change in hydrogen pressure [9].The physics of hydrogen in elemental metals was reviewed at the end of the 1970s in thebooksHydrogeninMetals,volumesIandII [10,11].The1970s alsosawtheemergence of the important field of intermetallic compounds as hydride materials. An in-depth review of this field can be found in Hydrogen in Intermetallic Compounds volumes I, and II [12,13]. A review of the propertiesand applications of hydrogen in metals can befound in the third volume of Hydrogen in Metals [14]. The basic properties of the metal-hydrogen system are discussed from a fundamental point of view by Fukai [15]. Although initial studies on nanocrystalline and amorphous metal hydrides were initiated around the 1980s [16], the real emergence of nanocrystalline metal hydrides as a new class of Handbook of Hydrogen Storage. Edited by Michael Hirscher

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Section: Hydrogen Sorption Kineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal Hydrides

Huot

2010

Handbook of Hydrogen Storage

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“…In addition, the decomposition temperatures of BaH 2 and CaH 2 are 675 and 600 • C, respectively, and much higher than that of MgH 2 (327 • C) [22]. There are many ternary hydrides such as Ba 2 MgH 6 , BaMgH 4 , Ba 6 Mg 7 H 26 ,Ba 2 Mg 3 H 10 , and Ca 4 Mg 3 H 14 that can be formed at the interface and have undefined values of the decomposition temperature and enthalpies of formation. Therefore, it is very difficult to determine the interfacial phases that cannot be detected by X-ray diffraction analysis.…”

Section: Structural Characterization Of Mechanically Milled Mgh 2 Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The nanosized Ni doping significantly decreased the activation energy for hydrogen desorption by surface activation, resulting in 90% of hydrogen desorption within 100 min at 163 • C. Kojima et al have reported that nanocomposite MgH 2 catalyzed with nano-Ni/Al 2 O 3 /C desorbed 4.9-5.8 wt.% H 2 at 423-473 K [5]. Gutfleisch et al have reported that hydrogen desorption temper-ature is reduced significantly to less than 140 • C when MgH 2 is co-milled with 0.5 wt.% PdOH 2 O and 5 at.% or 10 at.% Ni [6]. In addition, Gutfleisch et al have also reported a Mg-1 wt.% Ni-0.2 wt.% Pd alloy produced via induction melting with consequent reactive milling exhibited 41 kJ/mol for absorption and 110 kJ/mol for the desorption reaction, indicating excellent hydrogen absorption/desorption kinetics [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced hydrogen reaction kinetics of nanostructured Mg-based composites with nanoparticle metal catalysts dispersed on supports

Yoo

Tuck

Kondakindi

et al. 2007

Journal of Alloys and Compounds

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“…Milling of Mg 2 NiH 4 with platinum group metals (PGM) has been reported to decrease the desorption temperature [115]. The onset temperature of desorption was reduced to 120°C by addition of 1 wt.% Pd-black.…”

Section: Magnesium Hydride and Its Nanostructuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in the application of nanotechnology in enabling a ‘hydrogen economy’

2008

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Hydrogen is gaining a great deal of attention as an energy carrier as well as an alternative fuel. However, in order to fully implement the so called 'hydrogen economy' significant technical challenges need to be overcome in the fields of production and storage of hydrogen and its point of use especially in fuel cells for the automotive industry. The purpose of this review is to present and discuss recent advances in the use of nanomaterials for solar hydrogen production and on-board solid state storage of hydrogen. The role of nanotechnology in enhancing the efficiency of fuel cells and reducing their cost is also discussed.

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Hydrogenation properties of nanocrystalline Mg- and Mg2Ni-based compounds modified with platinum group metals (PGMs)

Cited by 41 publications

References 17 publications

Metal Hydrides

Metal Hydrides

Enhanced hydrogen reaction kinetics of nanostructured Mg-based composites with nanoparticle metal catalysts dispersed on supports

Advances in the application of nanotechnology in enabling a ‘hydrogen economy’

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