Hydrogen Production by Thermal Plasma Pyrolysis of Hydrocarbon Gases

Мессерле, В. Е.; Устименко, А. Б.

doi:10.1109/tps.2023.3300325

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Thus, suitable and effective plasma techniques for treating DSP must be evaluated in future study. Due to the fact that the demand for hydrogen (H 2 ) is growing day by day, by the mid-21st century, the H 2 market potential is estimated to reach USD 2.5 trillion in the USA [83]. Moreover, the design of the plasma reactor is essential, as it may affect heat transfer, collision of molecules, residence time, and by-products.…”

Section: Assessment Of Plasma Pyrolysis Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Treatment of Spent Photovoltaic Solar Panels Using Plasma Pyrolysis Technology and Its Economic Significance

Chiang,

Han,

Claire

et al. 2024

Clean Technol.

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In the past few decades, the solar energy market has increased significantly, with an increasing number of photovoltaic (PV) modules being deployed around the world each year. Some believe that these PV modules have a lifespan of around 25–30 years. As their lifetime is limited, solar panels wind up in the waste stream after their end of life (EoL). Several ecological challenges are associated with their inappropriate disposal due to the presence of hazardous heavy metals (HMs). Some studies have reported different treatment technologies, including pyrolysis, stabilization, physical separation, landfill, and the use of chemicals. Each proposed treatment technique pollutes the environment and underutilizes the potential resources present in discarded solar panels (DSPs). This review recommends thermal plasma pyrolysis as a promising treatment technology. This process will have significant advantages, such as preventing toxic HMs from contaminating the soil and groundwater, reducing the amount of e-waste from DSPs in an environmentally friendly and economical way, and allows the utilization of the valuable resources contained in EoL photovoltaic solar panel modules by converting them into hydrogen-rich syngas to generate thermal energy, electricity, and non-leachable slag that can be used as an additive in other treatment processes or as a conditioner to improve soil properties. However, plasma pyrolysis uses a high temperature to break down waste materials, a challenge which can be offset by the integration of this process in anaerobic digestion (AD), as the slag from plasma pyrolysis can be used as an additive in AD treatments to produce high yields of biogas and improve nutrient recovery. Moreover, the produced energy from both processes can operate the entire plant in which they take place and increase the net energy production, a resource which can be sold for an additional income. Future challenges and recommendations are also highlighted.

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Section: Assessment Of Plasma Pyrolysis Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Treatment of Spent Photovoltaic Solar Panels Using Plasma Pyrolysis Technology and Its Economic Significance

Chiang,

Han,

Claire

et al. 2024

Clean Technol.

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“…The plasma reactor's power was 40.5 kW, the RP's initial temperature was 300 K and the RP and air consumption were 4.6 and 23 kg/h. The length of the plasma reactor is 0.4 m and its diameter is 0.15 m. The reactor efficiency is 75% [37]. The specific energy consumption for gasification of the RP, calculated with the help of the TERRA program, made it possible to determine reactor power.…”

Section: Kinetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma Processing of Rubber Powder from End-of-Life Tires: Numerical Analysis and Experiment

Messerle,

Ustimenko

2024

Processes

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Tire recycling is becoming an increasingly important problem due to the growing number of end-of-life tires (ELTs). World-wide, ELTs account for more than 80 million tons. ELTs contribute to environmental pollution in the long term. They are flammable, toxic and non-biodegradable. At the same time, ELTs contain rubber, metal and textile cord, which are valuable raw materials. ELTs are buried in landfills, burned, crushed and restored. Most of these methods have a negative impact on the environment. From an environmental point of view, the most preferred ways to recycle tires are retreading and shredding. Rubber powder (RP) or crumb is mainly used for rubber pavers production, waterproofing, curbs, road slabs and various surfaces. An alternative method for RP processing, eliminating the disadvantages of the above approaches, is plasma gasification and pyrolysis. The paper presents a thermodynamic and kinetic analysis and an experiment on plasma processing of RP from worn tires to produce flammable gas. At a mass-average temperature of 1750 K, the yield of synthesis gas from plasma-air gasification of RP was 44.6% (hydrogen—19.1, carbon monoxide—25.5), and 95.6% of carbon was gasified. The experimental and calculated results satisfactorily agreed. It was found that plasma products from RP did not contain harmful impurities, either in calculations or experiments. Plasma gasification allows for recycling ELTs in an environmentally friendly way while also generating flammable gases that are valuable commodities. In this research, plasma technology was demonstrated to be effective for gasifying RP to produce flammable gas.

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“…In the long-term, changing the energy grid in this direction will result in higher shares of renewable energy in the power mix. In recent years, increased interest has been shown in the application of plasma for hydrogen production [13,14], the catalytic synthesis of ammonia [15][16][17][18], the methanation of CO 2 to synthetic natural gas [19,20], the conversion of CO 2 to alcohols [21], and the production of nanomaterials [22], to name but a few applications. Since plasma is typically characterized by its fast startup [23][24][25][26], plasma-based technologies are of particular interest with respect to their increased use in the demand-side management of power systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pioneering the Future: A Trailblazing Review of the Fusion of Computational Fluid Dynamics and Machine Learning Revolutionizing Plasma Catalysis and Non-Thermal Plasma Reactor Design

Arshad,

Ahmad,

Mularski

et al. 2024

Catalysts

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The advancement of plasma technology is intricately linked with the utilization of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models, which play a pivotal role in the design and optimization of industrial-scale plasma reactors. This comprehensive compilation encapsulates the evolving landscape of plasma reactor design, encompassing fluid dynamics, chemical kinetics, heat transfer, and radiation energy. By employing diverse tools such as FLUENT, Python, MATLAB, and Abaqus, CFD techniques unravel the complexities of turbulence, multiphase flow, and species transport. The spectrum of plasma behavior equations, including ion and electron densities, electric fields, and recombination reactions, is presented in a holistic manner. The modeling of non-thermal plasma reactors, underpinned by precise mathematical formulations and computational strategies, is further empowered by the integration of machine learning algorithms for predictive modeling and optimization. From biomass gasification to intricate chemical reactions, this work underscores the versatile potential of plasma hybrid modeling in reshaping various industrial processes. Within the sphere of plasma catalysis, modeling and simulation methodologies have paved the way for transformative progress. Encompassing reactor configurations, kinetic pathways, hydrogen production, waste valorization, and beyond, this compilation offers a panoramic view of the multifaceted dimensions of plasma catalysis. Microkinetic modeling and catalyst design emerge as focal points for optimizing CO2 conversion, while the intricate interplay between plasma and catalysts illuminates insights into ammonia synthesis, methane reforming, and hydrocarbon conversion. Leveraging neural networks and advanced modeling techniques enables predictive prowess in the optimization of plasma-catalytic processes. The integration of plasma and catalysts for diverse applications, from waste valorization to syngas production and direct CO2/CH4 conversion, exemplifies the wide-reaching potential of plasma catalysis in sustainable practices. Ultimately, this anthology underscores the transformative influence of modeling and simulation in shaping the forefront of plasma-catalytic processes, fostering innovation and sustainable applications.

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Hydrogen Production by Thermal Plasma Pyrolysis of Hydrocarbon Gases

Cited by 3 publications

References 10 publications

Sustainable Treatment of Spent Photovoltaic Solar Panels Using Plasma Pyrolysis Technology and Its Economic Significance

Sustainable Treatment of Spent Photovoltaic Solar Panels Using Plasma Pyrolysis Technology and Its Economic Significance

Plasma Processing of Rubber Powder from End-of-Life Tires: Numerical Analysis and Experiment

Pioneering the Future: A Trailblazing Review of the Fusion of Computational Fluid Dynamics and Machine Learning Revolutionizing Plasma Catalysis and Non-Thermal Plasma Reactor Design

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